sharpen the saw

  • Creative avoidance – when you get creative at blocking your own progress

    I firmly believe that everyone can be creative. If nowhere else, you can easily witness creative behavior in every single person when the time comes to make up a good excuse for not taking action or to face irrational fears.

    With no exception, we can all get so creative when it’s time to prevent ourselves from getting out of the comfort zone. There’s even an expression for such behavior. It’s called creative avoidance.

    You basically find every possible way to stop yourself from taking action. The subconscious goal of creative avoidance is to protect yourself from danger. But ironically, many times you are not protecting yourself, but rather stopping yourself from progress, growth and new wins.

    Creative avoidance can be the tough goalkeeper preventing you from entering a bigger league. It doesn’t make sense to invest your creative potential at avoiding your progress.

    Thus, let’s look at the origin of creative avoidance to understand it better and then present some hints on how to successfully deal with creative avoidance once.

    The origin of avoidant behavior

    In the jungle, the mighty jungle, avoiding danger was the ultimate survival goal. The better you were at avoiding beasts, predators and other killers, the greater were your chances of survival.

    If you managed to avoid danger, there was no need for an unnecessary fight or flight that might also end in death. The feeling that drives avoidant behavior is fear. Fear tells you that something is dangerous and tries to convince you to avoid it.

    With fear, you’re trying to protect yourself from danger, pain or harm. You’re afraid or even terrified when it’s a matter of life and death, when it’s time to protect yourself no matter the cost.

    Fear taking over in the face of danger is seen very well in your body language. Your whole body strives to avoid the threat.

    Slouching, hunching, avoiding eye contact, creating more space, backing off quietly, also shaking, rapid breathing, and speaking very little or very quietly are all signs that it seems good to avoid something or someone.

    In many dangerous situations, fear is the greatest gift one can possess. It’s the survival instinct (and intuition) that helps you stay alive and in one piece. Thus, you shouldn’t see fear as something bad. Fear is your ally, an alarm notifying you as soon as possible that it’s time to avoid danger and protect yourself.

    But we don’t live in the jungle anymore, where avoiding things was necessary on a daily basis. In the developed world and fairly safe urban places, situations where you need to be really afraid are quite rare.

    You face such a situation maybe every decade or so. When you do face it (a snake in the house, a gang on the street, a hurricane in the air etc.) fear is a valuable sign to back off and call for help. In all other cases fear might be blocking you greatly.

    • Lesson 1: In very rare circumstances, fear is your greatest ally. So, always pay close attention when your intuition is trying to tell you that something creepy is happening. Don’t be naive.

    Make sure fear works in your favor when it comes to stupid decisions

    Before we go to situations where avoidant behavior is not protecting you, but stopping you from progress, there is one more colossal gift that fear carries and is worth mentioning.

    Fear can protect you from making stupid decisions. Fear can help you avoid all the situations where great risks are involved in combination with small potential rewards.

    Fear tries to prevent you from making many stupid decisions. Here are only a few examples:

    Driving drunk, not wearing a safety belt, driving dangerously, engaging in a physical fight, cheating, breaking the law, travelling in dangerous countries and war zones, quitting your job before knowing your next move, stealing, and so on.

    We’re all at least a little bit afraid of performing stupid behavior; at least in the beginning. With time, if you participate in malicious actions, you get used to them.

    The fear disappears and dishonesty, criminal or any other dangerous or stupid behavior can easily escalate. Your comfort zone stretches and you become more courageous, but unfortunately in a very negative way.

    The first time, most people are quite afraid to drive drunk. They are breaking the law, they don’t know how much of their ability is hindered, and so on. The second time, it gets much easier. The third time, it’s almost natural.

    Then it becomes who you are. You drive even if you’re drunk. But the benefits are really small in comparison with calling a cab, and the risks are huge – there are chances of losing your driving license or even killing somebody.

    It makes sense to have a personal ethic code to never make stupid decisions. Don’t lie, cheat, cross the law or perform any other type of illegal or immoral behavior at all. Measure yourself as a person based on your behavior when nobody is looking.

    With such an approach, you will never have a problem with the temptation to escalate bad behavior or do a stupid decision you will regret for the rest of your life.

    Listen to your fears very early when it comes to stupid decisions. Never drive drunk, always wear a seat belt, drive carefully and according to the rules, don’t engage in physical fights, don’t cheat, don’t break the law, don’t travel in dangerous countries and war zones, and so on. Make fear your ally in such situations, even if you could easily overcome it.

    • Lesson 2: Be the biggest pussy when it comes to stupid decisions. Avoid stupid decisions at all costs.

    Creative avoidance

    Irrational fear and fake emotional protection

    We might not live in the jungle anymore, but we live in a world where everybody wants to be competent, successful, beautiful, rich and happy. You and I are no exception in that.

    And we all like to imagine that these things are given traits. You either have it or you don’t. Luck either strikes you or it doesn’t. Some people were born lucky and others weren’t.

    The assumption that success is a given thing is based on the fixed mindset. You assume that really successful people don’t have to fight for what they’ve got. The majority of people suffer from that kind of a mindset. I see it on a daily basis.

    For example, people assume that since I was extremely successful as a startup ecosystem facilitator, I will automatically become successful in blogging. Without any effort.

    But that’s not how success works. At least not in 99% of the cases. In the majority of cases, success comes when people are willing to do the hard things. The things that all other average people are not willing to do; the things that average people are actually too afraid to do.

    No matter how good of a social status you enjoy, you always have to do the hard things if you want to get and stay on the top. Even Elon Musk was on a verge of collapse with Tesla, even though he was already known worldwide as a big visionary.

    Examples of hard things most successful people must do are:

    1. Brainstorming hundreds of ideas in a daily basis
    2. Putting creative ideas forward
    3. Selling yourself, your ideas or services
    4. Taking initiative and trying to get people on your side
    5. Negotiating hard
    6. Making tough decisions
    7. Public speaking
    8. Building an outstanding relationship with customers, boss or spouse
    9. Constantly learning new skills
    10. Mastering one industry exceptional well
    11. Well, the list goes on and on

    These things are hard because they carry the risk of rejection. They are hard because they carry the risk of failure. The risk of being humiliated or laughed at.

    Failing, being rejected or laughed at hurts like hell on the emotional level. Nobody wants that. That’s why fear is trying to protect you from it at all costs. But these are also the situations where fear is not really protecting you, but holding you back.

    People who are really successful in the long term know that success is not given. You must work hard for it. You can improve in almost everything you want, if only you are prepared to work hard. That kind of thinking is based on the growth mindset. And until you develop such a mindset, creative avoidance seems like a good escape. Because if you get rejected, it’s more than obvious that you were not born to be successful.

    Creative avoidance in the contemporary age

    Welcome to the contemporary jungle. In today’s jungle, trying to sell your ideas and competences is the new tiger. Testing business ideas by visiting potential customers is the new snake. Negotiating hard for your salary is the new bear.

    Fear of failure or rejection is the new Baba Yaga. And getting negative comments and thumbs down on social networks is the new Boogeyman.

    In all these cases, fear is not trying to protect you from physical, but emotional pain. It’s not a matter of life and death anymore, but of (more or less permanent) emotional scars. And emotional scars can often be even more painful than the physical ones.

    That’s why we get extremely creative when it comes to avoiding emotional pain. We can think of many different excuses when we get an opportunity to expose ourselves and open ourselves to potential rejection, humiliation or failure.

    Practical examples

    Here are a few most common avoidant behaviors:

    1. You avoid the action from miles away. I just don’t do public speaking.
    2. You find a good excuse. I really can’t make it this time, but next time for sure.
    3. You find a surrogate. I don’t need to do the presentation, I’ll just post an ad on a social network.
    4. You convince yourself that it doesn’t matter. I have more important things to do.
    5. You can even delegate the task to somebody else. My assistant can do it.
    6. You back off at the last minute. I wanted to do it so bad, but now I got sick.
    7. You can also indefinitely procrastinate with the task. I’ll do it some other time when I have more time to practice.

    Creative avoidance can go even so far that you perform self-sabotage. You lead yourself to illness, accidents and similar situations to avoid emotionally tough challenges.

    And there are so many other types of avoidant behavior – conflict avoidance, avoidant attachment in relationships and even information avoidance when we need to lie to ourselves. We can go very far in order to protect ourselves, even if the fears are completely irrational.

    The problem with creative avoidance is that it drives you to doing only low value-added activities. And that lowers your market value.

    If you are only performing tasks that almost everybody else can do, your market value will always be marginal. It’s much better to strategically put yourself in a position where the demand is high and the supply in shortage.

    Hard things are the ones that bring real value. Innovation, applicable research, generating ideas, performance marketing, sales, negotiation, execution, brutal focus, daily practice, competence acquisition, managing objections, persisting through rejections, constantly improving yourself, public speaking etc. are very hard things to do.

    But they also carry high value. Especially in comparison to doing emails, spending time on social networks, instant messaging, attending conferences, spending time on useless meetings, gossiping, feeling sorry for yourself, writing a business plan, seeking misplaced things, reacting to every interruption, ineffectively multi-tasking, surfing the web, taking coffee breaks, daydreaming, dozing, and so on.

    Read the best time management guide ever to learn how to deal with these things.

    It’s easy to get creative when it’s time to avoid performing hard things that lead to real value. Not to mention all the distractions out there that can easily seduce you into downgrading your market value and blocking your potential. So, when it comes to irrational fears, do the opposite instead.

    • Lesson 3: With avoiding hard stuff, you are not emotionally protecting yourself, but blocking your own progress. But that’s not the whole story.

    Make fear your growth compass

    The greatest advantage you can have in life is to quickly make smart decisions when you encounter new challenging situations. New situations are also the ones that wake up the fear in you.

    So, every time you sense the smallest sign of fear in your body, quickly run a short algorithm in your head that will help you make a smart decision – ask yourself the following five questions:

    1. Am I in real danger of injury, harm, physical pain or death? Don’t do it.
    2. Is it a stupid decision – is there a big risk involved and a small reward? Do you risk integrity, jail time, license termination etc.? Don’t do it.
    3. Is it something that you know is an irrational fear, and you plan to face it one day, but it’s currently completely beyond your focus? Don’t do it (you don’t want too many challenges at the same time). But the rule is that you must be already tackling one of your fears.
    4. Is the challenge that’s connected to your irrational fear that is holding you back way out of your comfort zone? Don’t do it.
    5. Is it an irrational fear holding you back from undertaking a challenge that’s just a little bit above your competence level? DO IT!

    When it comes to irrational fears, make fear your compass, showing you where you need to grow. When it comes to irrational fears, your mantra should be I will do it, because I fear it. Remember that it’s impossible to live out your full potential if you hide in a box.

    Don’t run away from hard things. See the hard things as the greatest gift that can accelerate your learning and growth. It’s that simple.

    • Lesson 4: Not every fear should be conquered. Carefully choose your battles.

    Practice mild exposure in the learning zone

    Overcoming your irrational fears is no rocket science. Science has proved, over and over again, that mild exposure in combination with progression works best. Exposure therapy is the best cure for irrational fears that are holding you back.

    But you have to do it the right way. You have to start small and escalate slowly.

    Comfort learning panic zonesWe know three different zones when it comes to the challenge level you can set for yourself:

    • Comfort zone: A challenge is something you’ve already mastered like a pro. No challenge, really.
    • Learning zone: A challenge is just tough enough for you to develop your skills in a safe way.
    • Panic zone: A challenge is way out of your comfort zone and above your competence level.

    The idea of exposure therapy is that you engage yourself in a situation that is in the learning zone, in a situation where you have things under control, so that nothing terrible can happen and even reinforce your fear in the end.

    If you are proactive enough, you can always find new situations to practice exposure in a safe way.

    Practical examples

    Let’s say you’re afraid of public speaking. Well, first speak in front of your dog, then in front of your friend. Find a public speaking coach and practice the talk with them several times. Then speak in front of three people behind a podium. Then in front of ten people without a podium. And then slowly escalate to bigger and bigger audiences.

    You can do the same with sales, negotiation, putting your ideas forward or anything else. Practice negotiation on a flea market. Test your ideas with an anonymous landing page. Start selling things by putting them on eBay.

    Don’t be creative by avoiding situations you are afraid of, instead get creative by finding new ways to mildly expose yourself to situations you’re afraid of. That’s how you build courage and self-confidence, acquire competences, and your chances of success skyrocket.

    • Lesson 5: When you are asked to do something that wakes up your irrational fear, but is still in the learning zone, train yourself to automatically say yes.

    Make avoidance a trigger for creativity

    As we have seen, creative avoidance can stand for finding new creative ways to avoid something that you are afraid of. But it can also mean getting creative (doing a relaxing activity) when you should do some other, harder task instead.

    What am I talking about? Sometimes you just don’t have the willpower to get yourself out of the comfort zone and into the learning zone. And that’s fine. But instead of procrastinating, feeling sorry for yourself or doing low-value activities, do a high-value creative task that also relaxes you.

    As a last resort that can help you turn irrational fears to your advantage, you can make avoidant behavior a trigger for a creative endeavor.

    Do you remember what you usually did when you procrastinated with studying? You cleaned your desk, made yourself a healthy meal, groomed your body and performed many other less important tasks.

    That’s the best way to beat procrastination. When you just can’t fight procrastination, do dozens of other small activities you have to do someday anyway. Sooner or later you will get back to the big task.

    On the other hand, do you know what’s one of the greatest drivers of creativity? Rejections, isolation and the feeling that you are somehow different. Feeling that you somehow don’t fit in can lead to great creative accomplishments.

    Creative endeavors can be a mature coping mechanism for needs not being met. These two behavioral phenomena can be nicely combined in “avoiding a hard task, but getting yourself into an ultra-creative mode”.

    Follow the rule that you always face your irrational fears. But in some cases, when you won’t gather the courage to do it, don’t beat yourself up. Turn the situation to your advantage. Just get creative. And that’s the sixth and final lesson of this article.

    Play an instrument, write a poem or a book, paint, draw, code or take pictures. Build something, cook a delicious meal or find any other way to express your emotions.

    It’s not rejection, it’s just redirection. It’s not failure, make it validated learning

    It’s time for some closing thoughts.

    If you put yourself out there, you will get rejected from time to time, you will occasionally say the wrong things and you will meet failure sooner or later. You might not get any likes, you will hear no, and on rare occasions you will make a fool out of yourself.

    But if you persist, you will also hear yes, you will deliver your best performance, reach things you were only dreaming about and, most importantly, you will show to the world all the potential and creative gifts that you possess.

    It’s not rejection, it’s just redirection. It’s not failure, it’s just one way how things don’t work with hidden hints for how they could work.

    You are not entitled to anything. It’s your job to beat your irrational fears. And irrational fears are the worst. They are the real enemy. So get up and get out into the real world.

    Train yourself to avoid creative avoidance. But don’t do anything stupid: instead practice mild exposure and keep yourself in the learning zone with the growth mindset.

  • Tips for improving your English speaking skills and pronunciation

    I’ve been blogging in the English language for more than three years now (one year full time). I wrote more than 1,000 pages in English, which equals more than 5 books. I’m not writing this to brag, but to tell you about my tough beginnings as a writer, since English is not my mother tongue and I’m not particularly talented for languages.

    I vividly remember when I decided to write my first English blog post. After writing a single page, my head hurt like hell. My brain was obviously overclocking. It took me a few months to train my brain to write one or two pages without feeling overwhelmed, constantly looking in a dictionary and rewriting sentences over and over again.

    Only now, after several years, can I write for a few hours straight without any struggle. With time, I improved my writing skills and the brain capacity to the point where I can write a well‑structured and quality blog post quite quickly. All my blog posts are still copyedited, since grammar is not my forte, but my overall improvement is colossal.

    Currently a new challenge awaits. I’m preparing my first online courses. And guess what, courses are based more on audio and video materials than text. I already have my courses outlined and several scripts ready but when I decided to practice the scripts, a big realization occurred to me.

    Learn English

    Your writing, reading and speaking skills are not all the same

    If you want to improve your writing, you need to write a lot. If you want to improve your reading and comprehension skills, you have to read a lot. But reading and writing don’t automatically lead to an improvement of your speaking and pronunciation skills. That was quite a hurtful realization for me.

    Guess what, after practicing one page of the transcript for the online courses, my head soon starts hurting badly; even though I wrote thousands of pages in the past and can write for hours straight. My tongue constantly gets entangled and my pronunciation feels quite terrible. I’m in a very similar position as I was when I decided to create my first text in a foreign language. And it sucks big time.

    If I want to produce the courses, there is only one thing for me to do – improve my English speaking and pronunciation skills. I got a pronunciation coach and did big research on how to get better at speaking in particular.

    In this blog post, I want to share everything that I learned about improving speaking and pronunciation skills, and my personal improvement plan. I’m going to focus on a few key techniques that I’ve chosen in order to progress as quickly as possible.

    We already got to the first lesson. Writing and reading definitely help improve your overall English skills, but if you want to get better specifically at speaking and pronouncing, you must do a lot of deliberate practice exclusively for speaking and pronouncing. Writing, speaking and reading skills engage different parts of your brain.

    Improve your English pronunciation

    Tips for improving your English speaking skills

    Let’s start with tips for improving English speaking skills in general, without any focus on pronunciation and then continue with that. There are several sub-skills that you want to master when it comes to speaking:

    1. Switching from one language to another without getting confused or needing warm-up
    2. Learning how to speak clearly and fluently without any stopgaps
    3. Using contextual standard expressions in everyday situations
    4. Speaking for hours without losing focus
    5. And then of course perfecting your pronunciation

    Let’s go to some very useful tips and tricks for achieving that.

    Find language buddies and do international work

    The first rule of improving your speaking skills is to speak English as much as possible. You must practice language at every single opportunity. Finding language buddies in your professional and personal life is a great way to achieve that. Your goal should be to find people who speak much better than you are.

    You won’t believe it, but I convinced several of my friends that we text and speak only in English, even though we share a mother tongue. I wish I could convince more people, but not many are that motivated to improve their language skills. Nevertheless, if you find a few buddies you can talk with in English on a daily or at least weekly basis, that’s a very good start.

    Open your e-mail or messenger and immediately ask a few of your close friends if they’re prepared to communicate only in English with you to practice.

    In business, the best way to practice English is to engage in international projects. That is also one of the reasons I decided to start with (a very limited) amount of international coaching sessions. Not only am I extremely good at coaching and can help people, it’s also a great opportunity for me to practice speaking English as much as possible.

    I’m sure there are many possibilities how you can seize a similar opportunity at the work you do. Propose new international projects at your company, join international business clubs or enroll to seminars in English, you can make new international business partnerships, and so on.

    The bottom line is: you must practice speaking English at every opportunity possible, on a daily basis.

    Start recording videos or audio podcasts

    I have a friend who commutes to work and back for 30 minutes every day. While driving, he records an audio file in English for his wife, explaining many different topics and thoughts.

    When he told me about this practice of his, I was really impressed. What an awesome idea. In 6 months of daily practice, he dramatically improved his English speaking skills.

    I’m going to do a very similar thing. For most of my articles, I will:

    • Prepare a summary in a short audio or video file
    • Read complete articles out loud
    • or prepare a few bullet points from an article and speak freely

    You can do pretty the same with any material you like. It makes me puke (mom’s spaghetti) to just think about it. But I have a very strong why to do it (I have to publish those online courses), and nothing is going to stop me.

    The plan is to make quite long audio files to train my brain to speak in English for long hours without getting tired. Much like I did with writing. Just please don’t laugh when listening to my podcasts. If you’re bold enough, start a podcast or a YouTube channel of your own.

    Practicing speaking English

    A list of standard phrases and thinking in English

    I struggle quite a lot with switching from one language to another when speaking. It also takes me some time to warm up when changing the language. I hate that. As help, I’m preparing a list of very standard phrases I use in most of my conversations – interrogatives, conversation openers, responses and personal presentations.

    The phrases should also serve as anchors for immediately switching from one language to another. The main idea behind it is to not understand only what a certain English word means, but to add phrases to my vocabulary.

    One more thing I will do is to think exclusively in English. No matter where I am and who I’m talking with, and especially when I’m alone talking to myself, only English will be present in my mind.

    Tips for improving English pronunciation

    You can be a fluent English speaker, but your accent can still be very strong and wrong. To improve such a drawback, you have to additionally focus your efforts on improving pronunciation.

    There are several sub-skills when it comes to pronunciation:

    • Pronunciation is not only a brain, but also a physical skill, thus you have to learn how to correctly move your jaw, lips and tongue
    • Pronouncing difficult sounds of the English language
    • Giving proper syllable stress within words and sentences
    • Avoiding error patterns common for different non-native English speakers
    • Practicing sounds that you personally find difficult to pronounce

    Get a pronunciation coach

    The best thing you can do is to get a pronunciation coach, at least in the beginning. Or you can even get an English tutor to help you improve your English on all levels. You can find many good English tuition services – global or local ones (here’s an example of a specialized English tuition service in Singapore. You can find a similar service in your own country).

    I just started working with a pronunciation coach and the lessons are really valuable. You get immediate feedback on your speaking and that allows you to avoid any reinforcement of the wrong pronunciation.

    A good pronunciation coach can push you to the limits of your abilities, prepare a good learning plan for you, and most importantly, you can repeat phrases and sentences after the coach several times until you get it right. Human see, human do. If you have the financial resources to hire a good pronunciation coach, you will absolutely progress the fastest.

    Frank is my English pronunciation coach and I highly recommend him:

    TGC-Ad

    The shadowing technique: Model the speakers you like by recording yourself

    The second-best way to learn proper pronunciation is to model native speakers who have a speaking style very similar to yours (in your mother tongue). Their overall speaking style must be something you believe you can also achieve.

    I analyzed several speakers to find the ones I can model. For example, Tony Robbins is way too energetic for my style. Tim Urban speaks too fast and in a very comic way, which is completely not in my character. Tai Lopez is too spontaneous and entertainment-oriented. I deeply respect all these speakers, but there’s no way I can model them.

    But there are two authorities that I find very close to something that I could achieve – Ramit Sethi (I will teach you to be rich) and Chris Goward (Wider Funnel). These are the two speakers I decided to model.

    When you find an appropriate model, make sure you’re copying them the right way. What I’m going to do is to take short paragraphs of the transcript from their online courses and record myself pronouncing the same transcript.

    Then I’m going to compare my speaking and pronunciation to theirs. Besides that, I’m going to watch all their video and audio material that I can find. It will also be very educational.

    I know, the shadowing technique might sound like weird stalking, but you have to see it more as the ultimate form of praise and compliment. You’re struggling and putting in the effort to master a skill on the same level as one of your role models.

    Demosthenes, one of the great orators of ancient Greece, brushed up on his speaking skills by putting stones in his mouth while talking to the waves during a storm. That forced him to work very hard on getting the right sounds out. That was incomparably more odd than modeling successful people is. Well, you can also try speaking to the waves.

    Listen to English materials

    There’s a quote saying that before you learn how to speak, you have to learn how to listen. Practicing listening skills can actually help more with improving your speaking skills than reading can. Thus, it makes sense to practice English listening skills at every possible opportunity.

    Here are a few ideas how you can practice listening skills:

    • Listen to podcasts – while you drive, walk, cook and at every other possible opportunity
    • Watch movies, TV series and online courses without any subtitles, English or otherwise
    • Mind the lyrics when you’re listening to music. Singing along can also help.
    • Watch interviews, TED talks, sometimes maybe even reality shows with native speakers

    When you’re listening to English materials, make sure you pay attention to word and sentence stresses, intonation and how the words are linked together into phrases or sentences.

    English pronunciation - Mouth Alphabet

    Practice your physical tongue skills

    There are many situations in life where the tongue plays an important role. For example, when it comes to food tasting. What else did you have in mind? ;) Proper pronunciation is no exception.

    As we said, proper pronunciation is a physical skill to some extent. You must know where to put your tongue to make the right sound (or phoneme). The science behind that is called phonetics. Interestingly there are 26 letters in the English alphabet, but 44 different sounds.

    Let me give you a few examples:

    • To properly pronounce “th” (as in “think”), you really have to put your tongue out
    • To make the proper “v” sound, you have to put your upper teeth lightly against the bottom lip
    • To make the “l” sound, your tongue must touch the back of your front teeth
    • To make the “r” sound, you must pull your tongue back and not touch the top

    The best way to practice proper physical pronunciation form is to exaggerate a little bit at the beginning. And you have to practice it daily.

    Practicing minimal pairs is a good exercise to better understand the different movements you have to make with the tongue. Minimal pairs are all the words that are different only by one sound and have two distinct meanings (it and eat for example).

    Phonemic Chart - 44 sounds

    The best pronunciation resources

    Last but not least, it’s worth it to follow the best pronunciation podcasts, videos and courses. If you are extremely motivated, buying a book with audio files might also be a good option. But when it comes to online resources, here are a few suggestions:

    Summary of the tips for improving English speaking skills and pronunciation

    Soon after I started writing this English blog and wanted to improve my writing skills fast, I wrote an article on how to improve your English skills. In the article, my main suggestions are:

    • Surround yourself with English: Your computer operating system, mobile phone, applications, TV, choose the English language wherever possible.
    • Read exclusively English texts: Subscribe to blogs, newsletters, buy English books etc. Mix light reading with heavier English literature that’s at the limit of your comprehension abilities.
    • Get speaking buddies: Agree with friends who are better in English than you are to speak and text exclusively in English. They might resist, but I’m sure you’ll find at least one speaking buddy.
    • Get dead serious: Buy yourself a book of grammar, vocabulary, idioms or any other part of the English language and start studying. Take a whole week off and instead of going on vacation, dedicate your free time to improving English.
    • Other recommendations: Join (online) courses or English debate clubs, travel to English‑speaking countries as many times as possible, listen to English audiobooks and podcasts, etc.

    Now that I’m focusing exclusively on improving my speaking skills and pronunciation, there are some additional recommendations that I decided to follow. I’m sure you’ll find several ideas how you can also improve you English speaking and pronunciation skills. I will …

    1. Start with international coaching sessions to actively speak English at least one to two hours every day.
    2. Record audio or video materials for my blog posts – reading them out loud or preparing shorter summaries. I will torture myself by listening to them and paying attention to the errors I make. And I’ll have to record materials for the online courses, of course.
    3. Prepare a list of standard phrases that can help me switch between languages faster or that I can use in pretty common everyday conversations. It’s about adding expressions to my vocabulary.
    4. Think exclusively in English.
    5. Shadow two selected speakers by modeling their pronunciation and style – comparing my recordings to theirs for the same text.
    6. Continue to work with my pronunciation coach to get additional guidance and immediate feedback on my pronunciation.
    7. Stop watching any videos with English subtitles and practice listening skills at every opportunity I get (podcasts, music etc.).
    8. Do all the tongue exercises, get to know 44 different English sounds, and practice word and sentence stresses and speaking fluently.

    If you also have a plan to improve your speaking and pronunciation skills, I wish you the best of luck. Well, you don’t need luck, just a lot of smart practice.

  • Top 10 ways to learn or improve any skill fast

    If it’s knowledge, it can be acquired. If it’s a skill, it can be learned or improved. Period. Even if you don’t have the talent or IQ of a genius, you can get dramatically better at almost anything you want in life.

    It might take a lot of willpower, persistence and deliberate practice, but you can do it. There’s nothing that can stop you, if you’re determined enough.

    A tremendous help when it comes to knowledge and skills acquisition is to do it the right way. You want to shorten the learning curve as much as possible.

    When you’re going for new knowledge, it’s good to know the best learning practices; and when it comes to skills, you want to know the best tips and tricks for learning and improving any skill fast. In this article, you will learn exactly that.

    Let’s start with the initial and hardest requirement for acquiring any new skill.

    Learn or improve any skill

    1. Get emotionally, financially and timewise invested in the skill

    For every single thing you want to achieve in life, first ask yourself why. Always start with why.

    Because only when you have a strong why (the emotional drive to improve yourself) can you conquer all the obstacles on the way to your goal. Skills are no exception to that. Imagine your emotional drive like an elephant that can’t be stopped when properly directed.

    There are many different “whys” that can drive you when it comes to acquiring new skills. Here are a few most common ones:

    • With every new skill, you double your odds of success.
    • Most skills bring better earning potential.
    • You make sure your talents don’t go to waste.
    • To keep you mind, body and soul sharp.
    • To enter a new industry.
    • To be more respected.
    • New skills bring more ways to create.
    • Life is much more fulfilling and interesting.
    • It’s fun to master many things, and so on.
    • Find your why first!

    Sometimes you can have a strong why, but somehow still lie on the couch and feel sorry for yourself. In practical terms, that means you have to direct your why into concrete action, not towards self-pity. The best thing you can do is to schedule (or timebox) regular weekly practice session. If it’s not on your calendar, you probably won’t do it.

    For many people, putting money where their mouth is helps a lot. I’m not one of them. I can buy an online course and forget about it if I’m not strategically and emotionally engaged.

    But for many people, buying something leads to solid commitment. If you’re one of them, enroll in that class, buy that online course or book, get a coach or make any other type of serious financial commitment.

    Everything that gets in the way of focused, deliberate practice is an enemy that needs to be crushed completely and destroyed forever.

    Talent is overrated

    2. Make sure a lack of talent isn’t your excuse

    Talent absolutely helps. It can help a lot. But you can’t be talented for everything. Even more importantly, talent is not an “all-or-nothing” game.

    If you don’t have the talent, it doesn’t mean you can’t get better at something. So make sure a lack of talent isn’t your excuse for not getting better at something or acquiring a completely new skillset.

    Let me give you a few examples from my life.

    • I’m very talented for everything analytical. My analytical skills are really strong. I can structure an article, a presentation or a mind map at the drop of a hat. Self-reflection is instinctive. Through conversation, I can understand people really quickly, and so on. Improving my analytical skills is a breeze. When it comes to applying analytical skills to new domains, I can learn it lightning fast. Business planning, life strategizing, process optimization, market analysis, stock analysis, book summaries, it all comes naturally to me.
    • I’m very untalented for grammar. In high school when it came to language subjects, I was extremely good at writing essays, expressing my opinions or extracting the main points out of literature. But I really sucked at grammar. I barely passed grammar exams. That didn’t stop me from writing and publishing more than 2,000 pages of text in my life. I’ve been very slowly improving my grammar throughout the years. I’m still struggling to understand many grammatical concepts, but that doesn’t stop me. My improvements are slow, but I’m not standing still. That’s what matters.
    • There is one thing I’m even more untalented for than grammar. That’s sports. Again, in primary school and high school I was the one who couldn’t catch the ball. So instead I skipped gym classes. But for the last three years or so, I’ve been heavily investing into my motor and sports skills. It often sucks that most people can do some exercises by default, while I’m struggling. But that never stopped me. I’m getting better, I’m catching up. Comparing myself three years ago and today … what a difference in mastering athletic moves.

    Thus, having double standards when it comes to talent makes sense. If you don’t have the talent for a skill you want to learn, think of talent as being overrated. Hard work beats talent every time. With all the hard work, you’ll develop more stamina, willpower and persistence. Lucky you.

    There is one big value added if you don’t have a skill. You understand how life looks like when you’re not talented for something and you know what it takes to learn it the hard way. People who are talented for something usually don’t have that unique perspective. By possessing a unique perspective, you can always write a book or become a teacher or a coach.

    How to find a mentor

    3. The best advice ever is to get a mentor or a coach

    I experimented with dozens of different tips, tricks and recommendations when it comes to learning and acquiring a new skill. There is one pattern that stands out. It’s the most important recommendation when it comes to learning a new skill – get a mentor or a coach.

    But don’t get just anybody. Get somebody who is really good at coaching – the best you can afford. Make sure that the person you choose for coaching acquired their skills the hard way. Even more importantly, analyze their track record, make sure that in the past the coach successfully taught several people the same thing you’re trying to achieve.

    • My personal trainer is the most talented guy for sports and training other people. He sees every detail when it comes to performing exercises the correct way. He knows which weak points needs to be abolished, he can properly direct my practice and improvement etc.
    • Each of my published articles in English is copyedited. But it’s not just copyedited. My proofreader writes me comments, warning me about the common mistakes that I make, expressions that can be improved, and so on.
    • I recently just started working with a pronunciation coach. In a few lessons, I learned more than in weeks of doing research by myself. What also happened to me was that I practiced things the wrong way, reinforcing wrong pronunciation. What a waste.

    These are just three examples from my life. I had many mentors before that taught me many different skills – from sales to innovative thinking.

    If you hire a professional coach, it can be quite expensive, but most often definitely worth the investment. At least if you know why you’re doing it and if you find the right coach. The only investments I never regret are investments in myself.

    There are many benefits when it comes to coaching:

    • You usually progress based on a carefully prepared plan that already worked for others.
    • They immediately see poor or wrong execution. Practicing the wrong way is the worst thing you can do.
    • A good coach makes sure you’re always at the edge of your abilities.
    • They know how to interleave practice correctly.
    • You get immediate feedback on your performance and improvement.
    • They can always push you in the right direction.
    • You can model the coach.

    Last but not least, having a coach is a solid financial and time investment. You strictly set the dates when you’ll have practicing sessions. You have to pay for those sessions. All that gives you additional motivation. It’s hard to say to your coach: “I will give up now”.

    Role models can also be a great help

    Besides getting a coach, finding a few role models can help a lot. You can model the success of people who have already achieved what you want to achieve, at least to a certain extent. Finding role models is not only excellent way for speeding up the skill acquisition process, it’s also very motivating.

    Thus, find a few people you admire and respect who have mastered the skill that you want to master – read interviews with them, watch videos of how they perform, examine their road to success, read about their (humble) beginnings, and so on.

    Skill improvement chart

    4. Have realistic expectations when learning a new skill

    There’s nothing that will stop you from acquiring a new skill faster than big disappointments. If you have unrealistic expectations of how fast you can learn a new skill, you’ll start falling behind your expectations sooner or later, and then you’ll quit. I had such unrealistic expectations for learning how to code.

    If you don’t manage expectations properly, the excitement of skill acquisition can quickly turn into bitterness. But what are realistic expectations? There is no one right answer. Even performance psychology researchers have different opinions.

    But we can definitely set some soft limits and hard facts about the investment needed for new skill acquisition:

    • You can master the pure basics of any skill in around 25 – 30 hours of deliberate practice. That’s enough to orientate yourself and execute a few basic moves.
    • To reach the global mastery level, approximately 10,000 hours of practice is the big investment needed. But the hours invested account only for around 10-20 % difference in performance. Only practice isn’t a sufficient condition for mastery.
    • There are many other factors that determine how far you’ll get. Talent, quality of practice, stability of the curriculum structure, possible shortcuts (like participating in reality shows) and other similar leverages have a big influence on how quickly you can become good at something. But you don’t need to be a global master, all you need to do is become so good that they can’t ignore you.
    • The time it will take you to become good enough at something is somewhere between 25 and 10,000 hours. By respecting the best learning practices, you can get much closer to 25 than 10,000.
    • The beginnings are slow and very frustrating with every skill. After initial frustrations, steep learning acceleration takes place. Then at some point, you reach a plateau and it’s harder to get better and better. When it comes to skill acquisition, getting through conscious incompetence and plateaus is the hardest. That’s where your willpower, stamina, determination and “whys” come into play.


    These are the facts you must consider when managing your expectations. The beginnings are always hard and frustrating. The first few hours of deliberate practice suck when you realize how incompetent you really are at that particular initial moment.

    But then the next 25 – 50 hours are extremely important. If you have the right plan in place and if you practice the right way, you can progress extremely fast.

    Make sure that 25 – 50 hours is the minimum commitment you’re prepared to invest in acquiring a new skill. If you do the math, that’s not that little. You must practice between 45 and 90 minutes, 3 times per week for 3 months. That’s the investment needed for mastering the basics.

    If you don’t know where and how to start or how to organize yourself, do the following: Combine the 30-day challenge and Hour of power concepts. For the next 30 days, commit to practicing 1 hour per day. If you’re not prepared to make such a commitment, forget about acquiring any new skill.

    Practical examples

    My personal experience is in line with that. With any new skill, making the first step and orientating myself is always extremely frustrating. We live in the post-information age and the body of knowledge for any skill is huge, complex and comprehensive. You must push yourself to focus on the best information and it takes time to separate the wheat from the chaff. It took me 6 months to orientate myself when it came to internet marketing.

    Then in 30 hours of deliberate practice, you can understand the basics. Photoshop, blogging, SEO, HTML, CSS, cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoanalysis, the lean startup, proper exercise form etc., it took me around 30 – 50 hours to understand the basics of these skills (or knowledge). With an online course, books, personal coach or YouTube tutorials, that was an investment needed for understanding the skill and properly executing the basics.

    But when it comes to mastering something, we can definitely talk in years. It took me 5 years to become a master of lean startup methodologies. It took me 5 years in venture capital to really understand what makes a good startup investment, term sheets, and so on.

    It goes the same for my friends who excel at specific skills. The best programmers have been writing lines of code since they were 10. The best athletes have been doing sports from when they could walk. Any kind of mastery requires years of hard work. There are exceptions, but they prove the rule.

    5. Set very specific goals for what you want to master

    For every new skill you want to master, you can find hundreds of books, online courses, coaches and other resources. That can be very intimidating. In a tyranny of choices and options, we tend to do nothing in the end. That’s something you want to avoid.

    One good way to avoid the tyranny of choice is to define what kind of a skill you want to acquire very narrowly and in detail; and then find the best resources for that. Additionally, defining practical value is a big plus. Make sure there is always a problem you’re trying to solve by acquiring a new skill. Let me give you a few examples.

    Vague skill acquisition goal Smart skill acquisition goal
    I want to learn how to program I want to learn HTML/CSS and basic JavaScript so I can build landing pages for my products.
    I want to learn one of the backend languages that is in high demand so I can easily get a job.
    I want to learn how to sell I want to be able to confidently and clearly present our company’s products to the target market, manage main objectives and close sales.
    I want to be better at sports I want to learn the proper form of the main complex fitness exercises, like squats, pull-ups and deadlifts.

    Once you master one narrow definition of a skill, you can of course add a new one. The only point of this approach is to not get overwhelmed. Besides having no emotional drive and unrealistic expectations, being overwhelmed and lost in the information overflow is the biggest danger that can stop you on your way to acquiring a new skill.

    6. Preliminary research and a skill acquisition plan

    Once you have a specific goal for which skill exactly you want to learn, it’s time for preliminary research and a skill acquisition plan. Preliminary research is about finding the best resources.

    For every skill, if you invest several hours into research, you can find the best books, tutorials, online courses, coaches (and interviews with them) and other resources. You can drown in resources, so make sure you go to the best knowledge and find the resources that fit your character and the narrow definition of what you want to master.

    Then you want to make a skill acquisition plan. Every skill usually consists of several sub-skills, which are the core building blocks for performing that skill.

    Thus, the first step is to parse every skill into small manageable sub-skills. Again, the main point of deconstructing a skill is to make learning manageable and to not feel overwhelmed. Deconstructing a skill can also help you identify and focus on the most important sub-skills.

    At this point, you should have everything necessary for preparing a skill acquisition plan:

    • A very exact definition of what you want to learn and why
    • An overview of what mastering a certain skill really means (a semantic map with a list of sub‑skills)
    • The best resources for learning a new skill or, even better, a coach
    • Scheduled weekly practice for several months with enough space between practicing sessions for the new skills to sink in
    • A few role models for additional motivation and for modelling them

    An example of a skill acquisition plan

    To get more practical, here is how a simple skill acquisition plan would look like:

    Category Description
    What? I want to master HTML/CSS to build my own landing pages for infoproducts and consulting services.
    Why? To present my products exactly as I want them, experiment with new landing page building blocks quickly (A/B testing) and make money blogging.
    Time commitment One month, three hours per day.
    Sub-skills
    • Coding editor (Sublime Text 3)
    • Hosting, FTP and uploading files
    • Git & Github
    • HTML Syntax and elements
    • HTML Page structure and grouping content
    • HTML Formatting page content
    • HTML Links, images, tables, links, forms
    • CSS Syntax
    • CSS Selectors
    • CSS Box Model
    • CSS Cascade and inheritance
    • CSS Formatting
    • CSS Transforms, transitions and animations
    • CSS Page layout, grid system and flexbox
    • Sass & Post CSS
    • Bootstrap
    • WordPress & Plugins
    Resources
    • Lynda Photoshop/HTML/CSS/JS courses
    • Head First HTML/CSS book
    • The missing manual HTML, CSS
    • W3School
    • WordPress plugins for landing pages (as an alternative)
    Coach
    • A friend who mastered these languages and builds landing pages.
    • Front-end development meetup group.
    Practical application I will build two landing pages, one for my coaching sessions and one for an online course.
    Models Examples of the best landing pages for infoproducts.
    Financial investment $100

    Supportive environment for skill acquisition

    7. Build yourself a supportive environment

    You can’t succeed in anything alone. You always need strong support from your environment. Acquiring a new skill is no exception.

    You need to organize your environment in a way that supports your training, and you need to surround yourself with people who believe in you and know how to motivate you when thoughts of giving up pop up in your head.

    The best approach when organizing your environment is to assume the worst about your self‑discipline. Assume that at some point you’ll be lazy, unmotivated and ignorant.

    At that point, you’ll need a supportive system that pushes you back on the right track. Here are a few examples of what you can do:

    • Set up a series of reminders for a timeboxed practice session (on your desktop, phone etc.).
    • Put books and other resources at the reach of your hand (desktop table, your bed etc.).
    • Change your desktop wallpaper into one big motivational reminder.
    • Rearrange your software icons and bookmarks to support skill learning (bookmark the resources, if you’re using an app for skill acquisition make it easily accessible etc.).
    • Join meetups, make new friends, make sure you’re surrounded by people who want to achieve the same thing as you or who have already achieved it.
    • Reward yourself with something small every time you perform the practice.
    • Get a client or commit to a project at your job, so you will have a deadline to really master the skill. But make sure you have realistic expectations. Always under promise and over deliver.

    Don’t rely solely on self-discipline. Build yourself a supportive environment. That’s really important, it’s half of the success equation.

    Feedback system

    8. Immediate implementation and feedback system

    You can read 100 books about swimming and it can’t compare to jumping into water once.

    You absolutely want to do research, prepare a learning plan and understand the skillset from a logical perspective, but it’s even more important that you simultaneously put the skill into practice as soon as possible. That’s how you learn the most. A practical project will also help you not get stuck in the analysis-paralysis.

    The good news is that most skills are about solving practical problems. That also means that most skills are in high demand. Consequently, it’s really easy to join different projects and slowly brush up on your skills with practical work. The simple rule is to practice your skills wherever possible.

    If you want to improve your writing skills, open a blog and start writing, if you want to learn web design, design a blog, if you want to learn how to sell, open a lemonade stand.

    Working on practical projects has another additional benefit. You get immediate feedback on your work and new ideas on how to improve. You can always engage experts and peers to show you how to do things better and give you additional recommendations.

    As additional help, you can get valuable feedback in other ways:

    • Record yourself
    • Observe yourself in the mirror
    • Benchmark your performance to the performance of your models
    • Crowdsource improvement ideas, and so on

    When it comes to skill acquisition, make sure you have a really good feedback system.

    Best learning practices - skills

    9. Respect the best learning practices

    When it comes to acquiring a new skill, the same rules apply as they do for acquiring new knowledge. The problem is that the best learning practices are most often counterintuitive.

    We assume that crammed learning sessions where we repeat the same thing over and over again and practice in the same way work best. But that’s not true. That kind of an approach is the least effective.

    In summary, the best learning practices are:

    • Chunking strategy: Break down the learning material into manageable chunks (sub-skills in this case).
    • Focused attention: Have zero distractions when you’re learning something new and be completely focused. Your working memory must be focused on learning.
    • Take breaks: After a session of 45 – 60 minutes, take a small break to restore your attention.
    • Spaced repetition: It’s better to practice for 1 hour 5 times than for 5 hours 1 time.
    • Deliberate practice: Do focused drills and exercises until you get better at a particular chunk.
    • Interleaved practice: Use different concepts, approaches and techniques in the same learning session, mix your practice – speed up, slow down learning, take tests, practice different things, and so on.
    • Get out of your comfort zone: Don’t practice the thing you already mastered, practice things that are a little bit out of your comfort zone. Always be at the edge of your abilities.
    • The point where you master a chunk: You master something when practice turns to boredom. Practice a chunk until you get bored.
    • Rest: If you want to improve, you need to get enough sleep and you must rest between the practicing sessions. There is no improvement without rest. When acquiring knowledge or skills, you’re making changes to your brain. That requires time and rest.
    Four stages of learning a new skill
    Noel Burch – Four stages for learning any new skill, graphics GWS Media

    Four stages of the learning process and the dip

    Another very useful thing to know when it comes to learning are the four stages of the learning process. The first stage is unconscious competence, where you don’t even know what you’re doing wrong. That’s the calm before the storm, where you can have unrealistic expectations and self‑assessment.

    Then comes conscious incompetence and big frustrations with it. It’s the hardest stage that you have to persist through, as we’ve talked about. The next level is conscious competence. At this stage, you are aware of your mastery level, you know what you’re doing well but you also know how you can improve.

    The last stage is unconscious competence. You achieve this final stage when you can perform a skill without thinking. That’s where the mastery level resides.

    Seth Godin - The dip

    When you enter the conscious incompetence you have to face the dip. There are five main reasons why you might quit when you find yourself deep in the dip:

    1. You run out of time
    2. You run out of money
    3. You get scared
    4. You’re not serious about it
    5. You lose interest

    Make sure that doesn’t happen to you.

    10. List the skills you want to master and rank them properly

    Sit down, take a piece of paper, and list all the skills you would currently like to master. You can probably easily list 10 – 15 skills. Logically, you can’t master all of them at once. At best, you can learn 2 – 3 skills simultaneously, one or two at your job and one or two in your free time.Which skills to pursue first

    So, the final question is how to prioritize the skills you want to master. There are several criteria that can help you do that:

    • Point of the skill: Firstly, there are several categories that skills can fall into. The point of acquiring a new skill can be to increase your earning potential, have a hobby (something you like but won’t be paid for) or improve your overall quality of life (relationship skills, fitness etc.).
    • Supply and demand: When it comes to the skills’ market value, you want to develop skills that are in high demand and low supply. These are the skills that will dramatically increase your earning potential. Hobbies, on the other hand, usually have zero market value.
    • Talent: Your talents must not go to waste. That’s a lesson that was already written in the Bible. Categorize skills into those for which you’re talented, neutral and untalented.
    • Your goals and yearly focus: Your skills acquisition plan must be part of the long-term goals you’re trying to achieve. For example, changing a job or improving your health can be connected to specific skill acquisition.
    • Current opportunities: Assess the current opportunities you have in your environment. Can the company you work for pay for your skill acquisition? Do you have a friend or a spouse that mastered something and they are prepared to coach you? Can you easily join a paid project?
    • Resources you have: As we’ve seen, every skill acquisition requires emotional, financial and time commitment. Skills that are harder to acquire demand more resources. Realistically assess what kind of skill acquisition you can currently afford.
    • Life situation: Sometimes life forces you into a situation where you must acquire new skills. An injury, job loss, breakups, promotions, migrations, these are all situations that usually require and push you into developing new skills. When it happens, accept that, don’t resist, and improve yourself.

    Build an array of skills you want to acquire and all the mentioned criteria. Then rank the skills from the best ones to acquire at the moment to the least attractive ones. After that, it’s time to put everything you learned about skill acquisition into practice.

    From unqualified to qualified

    In summary – the best tips, tricks and recommendations to learn or improve any skill fast

    In summary, the best tips, tricks and recommendations for learning any new skill are:

    1. Find a strong emotional reason why you want to learn a new skill.
    2. Timebox regular practice sessions in your calendar and don’t miss them no matter what. Start with a 30-day challenge where you practice a skill one hour every day for a month.
    3. Have double standards when it comes to skill acquisition. When you’re not really talented for something, see talent as overrated.
    4. Have realistic expectations. Beginnings always suck big time and the hardest thing to do is to pass the conscious incompetence stage. But you can master the basics of every skill if you invest around 20 – 50 hours. Then things get a lot easier, until you reach a plateau.
    5. If possible get a mentor or a coach or at least find a few role models you can model and look up to.
    6. Very narrowly define what you want to master, parse the skill into small manageable chunks (sub-skills), prepare a learning plan for yourself, and go straight to the best resources.
    7. Practice at the edge of your abilities. Do spaced repetition. Focus your working memory (or attention) with deliberate practice with zero distractions. Interleave practice. Rest.
    8. Build yourself a strong supportive environment (people, habit triggers), apply for practical projects and have many feedback loops. With feedback loops, you will make sure you’re not reinforcing wrong execution.
    9. Develop highly valuable skills that are in high demand but short supply. Make sure none of your talents go to waste.
    10. Finally, enjoy the learning process!
  • Different types of intelligence and why your IQ is not fixed

    One of the greatest assets you can have in today’s post-information society is being smart.

    Intelligence is an important resource that can bring you status, respect, academic and career advancements, better earning potential, new ways to create and contribute to the world and let’s not forget the capacity to forge better strategies and make smarter decisions.

    Being intelligent doesn’t guarantee these things and it’s sometimes not even a mandatory factor, but it absolutely does help.

    In general, intelligence refers to the ability to learn new things quickly, solve logical problems, think abstractly, comprehend new ideas, learn from experience, and even to the overall mental adaptability to new situations.

    Components of intelligence are at least the following:

    • Curiosity – the desire to know various phenomena
    • Depth of mind – the ability to separate the important from the secondary
    • Flexibility and mobility of mind – the ability to use experience widely in different situations
    • Logicality of thinking – the ability to follow a strict sequence of reasoning
    • Conclusiveness of thinking – the ability to use facts, regularities and correct judgment
    • Criticality of thinking – the ability to discard incorrect judgements
    • Breadth of thinking – the ability to comprehend the whole coverage of intellectual activity

    Since intelligence is an extremely important asset, there is always one question in the forefront – is intelligence inherited and fixed, or can it somehow be improved with the right resources and environment, even when you’re older? As we will see, there is no simple answer to that, and the truth probably lies somewhere in between.

    The most popular test of intelligence is the IQ test, which measures the ability to solve problems, reason logically and use the vocabulary. IQ tests are strongly connected to the g factor, which measures general intelligence. And the g factor is hard to improve, especially when tests are focused on fluid intelligence. But that’s only one part of the story.

    Your genes and early development did have a huge influence on your general intelligence development that’s hard to improve in the adult age. At most it can be fine-tuned. But that doesn’t mean you are completely limited at becoming smarter. There are many ways you can maximize your intellectual potential.

    Your IQ is not fixed

    Is IQ really fixed or can you become smarter somehow?

    Let’s go straight to the main question – is IQ fixed or not? The answer is unfortunately not very straightforward, but more like yes and no. Studies show that people who are at the top of intelligence tests when young, stay at the top in their adult and senior age. But … (you see, there is a but).

    Overall, people show a higher IQ with age. That means, your IQ improves (linearly) with age when you learn new things and improve your skills. It can also start to decline fast in the old age. Thus, your IQ is a relative measure that represents your standing among your peers at a certain age.

    You absolutely have some influence on how big your improvement will be. If you take good care of your brain, deliberately practice and learn a lot, you might progress faster than average. And if you don’t take care of your smarts at all, you might decline much faster than average.

    The test showed that there are outliers when it comes to IQ tests. Much like some people lost their cognitive abilities (due to a mental illness, for example), so did a few people show greater improvement than average.

    Changes in intelligence can be very big, especially at a young age and in adolescence when brain’s plasticity is not yet reduced. That’s why babies can learn languages faster than adults.

    On the other hand, regular learning and brain training can prevent cognitive decline in the old age. And you can at least fine-tune biological intelligence that is limited by the neural efficiency of your brains.

    What we do know for sure when it comes to intelligence is the following:

    1. At a young age (up to the age of 16) the environment has a great influence on the development of intelligence. IQ can be increased or decreased during childhood. What happens during pregnancy and afterwards (diet, stress) also has a great influence on child’s intellectual development.
    2. If you practice a particular intellectual skill you get better at that skill, even if your overall intelligence doesn’t improve. In the same way, you can develop crystalized intelligence (knowledge) faster than your peers at any point in your life if you devote yourself to regular learning.
    3. Most people don’t reach their intellectual potential. That means they don’t use all the intellectual capacity they possess. Curiosity, good learning skills, applying knowledge in new situations, developing new competences, seeking complex intellectual environments, all that leads to reaching intellectual potential.
    4. The fluid intelligence and working memory can be improved at least in the short term with different brain games, exercises and learning. Even in the adult age you can develop new brain synapses, but it’s much harder than at a young age. In the old age, intellectual effort and different brain games can prevent cognitive decline.
    5. People with the growth mindset don’t limit themselves with a fixed IQ, but rather accept the fact that they can grow and improve in any skill. With that attitude, they often overcome the limits of average general intelligence and become more successful and even smarter.
    6. Children without an extremely high IQ that are exposed to certain knowledge domains (and practice that domain regularly from a young age on, for about “10,000 hours”) in combination with encouraged creativity can become geniuses.

    Here is the most important fact – we do know for sure that most people don’t reach their intellectual potential.

    What an individual can achieve with a combination of practice, hard work, assets and savviness, is completely different from what most people do achieve. Most people prefer to settle in a certain intellectual standing backed by the fixed mindset and stay in that intellectual comfort zone for the rest of their lives.

    That kind of thinking absolutely leads to cognitive decline and loss of IQ points (they don’t catch up with their peers), and especially slow development of crystalized intelligence. Thus, a much better question rather than if the IQ is fixed or not is: how can you make sure that you employ all of your brain potential and maximize your smarts?

    If you are mentally active, your cognitive abilities improve, and if you neglect your smarts, you are in cognitive decline. You lose what you don’t use.

    How improving your intelligence might work

    Taking care of your health and body is a very good analogy for becoming smarter. How you look is very much determined by your genes and early development. Like with intelligence, the inheritance and early environmental factor is very strong.

    Nevertheless, there is a big difference between maximizing your looks with a good diet, regular exercise and taking good care of yourself (grooming, outfit etc.) and being careless about your body and appearance and becoming slovenly. I’m sure you saw many before and after photos, where people decided to take better care of their body and health. It’s like looking at a completely different person.

    No fat and full face with double chin, better skin, more charming energies and better self-confidence, a whole new person. The beauty of an individual is still somehow fixed, but taking good care of yourself does make a huge difference.

    It’s the same with intelligence. There are definitely biological limits you can’t cross. But the difference between maximizing your intelligence and neglecting your potential can be colossal; like on those before and after photos.

    The problem in both cases (becoming fit or maximizing intellectual potential) is that it takes a lot of hard work and dedication. There must be a growth mindset present backed by persistence and regular deliberate practice.

    Brain power

    If you want to improve your smarts, here are the things you can do:

    • The brain manual: The first thing you can do is to know how your brains work and treat them according to what works best proved by science. From improving your learning style to regularly developing creative and analytical skills, maintaining your brain cells with proper brain diet and regular physical exercise.
    • Optimizing working memory: A very important part of the brain’s operational manual is understanding how the working memory works. Smarter people usually have a greater working memory capacity or know how to use it better. There are several things you can do to improve your working memory – from learning to manage negative thoughts to training your attention span and practicing a dual n-back game.
    • Crystalized intelligence: If you practice a particular skill (or knowledge domain), your overall intelligence might not improve, but you definitely become better at that particular skill. But that’s the only thing that really matters. You can improve the intellectual skills that you can use in everyday life. In the end, nobody will ask you what your IQ score is, but what kind of skills do you possess.
    • A smart attitude: You can always develop the right attitude to maximize your intellectual potential. Curiosity, growth mindset, seeking complex environments, practicing knowledge transference, applying knowledge in new situations, learning new languages, these are all the things that help you achieve your intellectual potential and prevent cognitive decline.

    As you can see, there absolutely are ways to improve your smarts. If you practice certain types of intellectual tasks, you become better at those tasks. Similarly, when you learn something new, it takes up less of your working memory when recalled, so you can manipulate more information at the same time. And if you know how to learn properly, you can learn more things in a shorter time.

    Good genes and general intelligence might be given. But that shouldn’t be your excuse. Richard Feynman, theoretical physicist most known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics (whatever that means) wore his low IQ test result of 125 as a badge of honor. He wanted everyone to know about it as a sign that showed how absurd the notion of an IQ test is.

    How improving your IQ absolutely doesn’t work and what hinders your intelligence

    Feynman quoteBefore we go to different types of intelligence, a word of caution. Knowing different types of intelligence might quickly give you an excuse to be intellectually lazy. You know, you find a type of intelligence that you know you’re good at and then you say to yourself that you are obviously smart enough and life goes on.

    It’s appealing to think that everybody is smart in a certain way. While we all do have different abilities, being strong in one ability shouldn’t give you an excuse to not work hard on all different types of intelligence, maximize your intellectual potential or accept some of your intellectual limitations (overall intelligence or some domains where you have to work harder) and make the most from your individual situation.

    A unique personal style always comes out of limitations, thus you have to use them to your advantage.

    We also know many factors that hinder your intelligence. Stress is one of them. Stress kills your working and long-term memory. Stress can wipe out your brain cells, wither the connection between neurons, and by changing the blood flow in your brain the emphasis is more on animal instincts (4F response) than on being a reasonable empathic human being. A lack of sleep has the same negative effect on your smarts.

    • Head injuries
    • Traumatic situations
    • PTSD
    • Regular drug use
    • Bad diet
    • Dehydration
    • Too much alcohol
    • Having a stroke
    • Avoiding exercise
    • Chronical negative thinking
    • Smoking
    • Taking steroids
    • Extreme anxiety and panic
    • Exposure to toxic elements and pesticides
    • Air pollution
    • Too high sugar consumption
    • Isolation
    • Depression
    • Multitasking
    • Obesity
    • Burnouts

    They all have a very negative effect on your brain performance.

    9 different types of intelligence - infographic

    Nine independent and different types of intelligence

    The idea of one general intelligence that is inherited and fixed was always challenged. One of the first people to challenge it was Robert J. Sternberg who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence.

    He argued that there are three important parts of intelligence – analytical or componential, creative or experimental, and contextual or practical.

    Howard Gardner took a step further and developed the theory of multiple intelligences. In the theory, he presented the idea that there are nine independent types of intelligence and argued that people who fall short in some of the types might excel at others.

    He also argued that schools focus on logical and linguistic abilities and neglect other types of intelligence. The nine types of intelligence are:

    • Naturalist Intelligence (“Nature Smart”) – understanding how nature works, together with materials, plants and animals.
    • Musical Intelligence (“Musical Smart”) – recognizing, creating, reproducing and reflecting on everything connected to tones and music.
    • Logical-Mathematical Intelligence (“Number/Reasoning Smart”) – it’s the ability to do mathematical operations, perform experiments, think in abstract and symbolic dimensions, identify patterns, categories and relationships.
    • Existential Intelligence (“Spiritual Smart”) – the capacity to tackle questions about the human existence, the meaning of life, why we die and what happens after life.
    • Interpersonal Intelligence (“People Smart”) – all the skills related to understanding and interacting with other people, from verbal and non-verbal communication, showing sympathy and empathy, to motivating and leading others.
    • Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence (“Body Smart”) –physical and sports capabilities together with the ability to manipulate objects and to apply a variety of physical skills. It also includes the sense of timing and strength of the connection between mind and body.
    • Linguistic Intelligence (“Word Smart”) – the ability to express complex meaning with words and applying meta-linguistic skills to reflect on the use of language.
    • Intrapersonal Intelligence (“Self Smart”) – the capacity to understand yourself, together with all the thoughts and feelings, and use of that knowledge to plan your life’s direction.
    • Spatial Intelligence (“Picture Smart”) – the ability to think in three dimensions, together with spatial recognition, image manipulation, artistic skills and active imagination.

    The idea that everybody is smart in some way is very attractive. But research shows that supposedly independent domains are highly correlated. As we said, there might be a type of intelligence where you really excel, but we must not neglect the empirical evidence on general and fluid intelligence.

    CHC - Intelligence - Model
    Source: Wikipedia

    The g factor and ten different intelligence domains

    We know a term for general intelligence – the controversial g factor, which is supposed to be more or less fixed (scientists are not uniform on that). You can’t influence it with education, brain games, diet or by any other means.

    The g factor is your biological limit in intelligence, especially fixed in the adult age. It’s the general intelligence on top of all the cognitive abilities. Full scale IQ scores show the general intelligence.

    The g factor was developed by Charles Spearman in the early years of the 20th century. His observation was that children’s performance across different unrelated subjects was positively correlated.

    The underlying mental ability, or the g factor, has an influence on how you do on most intellectual tests. In other words, individuals who tend to do well at one type of tests, tend to excel at other types of tests as well. The influence of the general intelligence on performing a cognitive task is around 50 %.

    Interestingly, genes contribute 20-40 % of the variance in intelligence in childhood and about 80 % in the old age. The older you are, the more difficult it is to improve your g factor. A complex intellectual environment that encourages brain activity has a great influence on brain development and intelligence until the age of 16 and then declines fast.

    CHC model of intelligence

    The Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory is today the most widely accepted theory of cognitive abilities that is also supported by empirical evidence. It supports and integrates everything we’ve talked about intelligence until now. It’s a very complex theory that incorporates the g factor and different types of intelligence.

    The g factor consists of 10 broad intelligences that are further divided into narrow intellectual abilities. Here are all the broad and narrow intellectual abilities that are measured in the CHC model:

    • Fluid intelligence – broad ability to reason, form concepts, and solve unique problems using new information and novel procedures
      • Deductive reasoning – solving a problem by going from general knowledge to specifics
      • Induction – reasoning from specific cases to general knowledge
      • Piagetian reasoning – seriation, conservation and classification
      • Speed of reasoning – speed or fluency in performing reasoning tasks in a limited time
    • Crystalized intelligence – Acquired knowledge with the ability to communicate that knowledge and the ability to reason using previous abilities and knowledge
      • Language development – general understanding and application of words and sentences
      • Lexical knowledge – extent of vocabulary
      • Listening ability – the ability to receive and understand spoken information
      • General information – general stored knowledge
      • Information about culture – general stored cultural knowledge (music, art etc.)
      • Communication ability – the ability to speak in everyday life situations
      • Oral production and fluency – specific and narrow oral communication skills
      • Grammatical sensitivity – proper construction of words and sentences
      • Foreign language proficiency – language development for foreign languages
      • Foreign language aptitude – rate and ease of learning a new language
    • Quantitative reasoning – the ability to comprehend quantitative concepts and relationships and the ability to manipulate numeric symbols
      • Mathematical knowledge – range of general knowledge about mathematics
      • Mathematical achievement – tested mathematical achievement
    • Reading and writing ability – basic reading and writing skills
      • Reading decoding – the ability to recognize and decode words or pseudowords in reading
      • Reading comprehension – the ability to attain meaning during reading
      • Verbal language comprehension – general development or the understanding of words, sentences, and paragraphs measured by reading vocabulary and comprehension
      • Cloze ability – the ability to read and supply missing words from prose passages
      • Spelling ability – the ability to form words with the correct letters in accepted order
      • Writing ability – the ability to communicate information and ideas in written form
      • Language usage knowledge – knowledge of language mechanics such as capitalization, punctuation, usage, and spelling
      • Reading speed – the ability to silently read and comprehend connected text
      • Writing speed – the ability to copy words or sentences repeatedly, or writing words, sentences, or paragraphs, as quickly as possible
    • Short-term memory – the ability to hold information in immediate awareness, and then use it within a few seconds
      • Memory span – the ability to attend to, register, and immediately recall temporally ordered elements and then reproduce the series of elements in correct order
      • Working memory – the ability to temporarily store and perform a set of cognitive operations on information that requires divided attention
    • Long-term storage and retrieval – the ability to store information and retrieve it later in the process of thinking
      • Associative memory – the ability to recall one part of a previously learned but unrelated pair of items when the other part is presented
      • Meaning memory – the ability to note, retain, and recall information where there is a meaningful relation between bits of information
      • Free recall memory – the ability to recall as many unrelated items as possible
      • Ideational fluency – the ability to rapidly produce a series of ideas, words, or phrases related to a specific condition or object
      • Associational fluency – a specific ability to rapidly produce a series of words or phrases associated in meaning when given a word or concept with a restricted area of meaning
      • Expressional fluency – the ability to rapidly think of and organize words or phrases into meaningful complex ideas under general or more specific cued conditions
      • Naming facility – the ability to rapidly produce accepted names for concepts or things when presented with the thing itself or a picture of it
      • Word fluency – the ability to rapidly produce isolated words that have specific phonemic, structural, or orthographic characteristics
      • Figural fluency – the ability to rapidly draw or sketch as many things as possible when presented with a non-meaningful visual stimulus
      • Figural flexibility – the ability to rapidly change set and try out a variety of approaches to solutions for figural problems that have several stated criteria
      • Sensitivity to problems – the ability to rapidly think of a number of alternative solutions to practical problems
      • Originality and creativity – the ability to rapidly produce unusual, original, clever, divergent, or uncommon responses to a given topic, situation, or task
      • Learning abilities – general learning ability rate
    • Visual processing – the ability to perceive, analyze, synthesize and think with visual patterns
      • Visualization – the ability to mentally imagine, manipulate or transform objects
      • Spatial relations – the ability to perceive and manipulate patterns and maintain orientation
      • Closure speed – the ability to identify a familiar visual object from an incomplete representation
      • Flexibility of closure – the ability to identify a visual figure or pattern embedded in a complex distracting array
      • Visual memory – the ability to form and store a mental representation or image of a visual shape
      • Spatial scanning – the ability to quickly and accurately survey a wide or complicated spatial field or pattern and identify a particular configuration through the visual field
      • Serial perpetual integration – the ability to identify a pictorial or visual pattern when parts of the pattern are presented rapidly in serial order
      • Length estimation – the ability to accurately estimate or compare visual lengths or distances
      • Perceptual illusions – the ability to resist being affected by the illusory perceptual aspects of geometric figures
      • Perceptual alternations – consistency in the rate of alternating between different visual perceptions
      • Imagery – the ability to mentally encode and manipulate an object, idea, event or impression in the form of an abstract spatial form
    • Auditory processing – the ability to perceive, analyze, synthesize and discriminate auditory stimuli
      • Phonetic coding – the ability to code, process, and be sensitive to nuances in phonemic information in short-term memory
      • Speech sound discrimination – the ability to detect and discriminate differences in phonemes or speech sounds under conditions of little or no distraction or distortion
      • Resistance to auditory stimulus distortion – the ability to overcome the effects of distortion or distraction when listening to and understanding speech and language
      • Memory for sound patterns – the ability to retain auditory events such as tones, tonal patterns, and voices
      • General sound discrimination – the ability to discriminate tones, tone patterns, or musical materials regarding their fundamental attributes
      • Temporal tracking – the ability to mentally track auditory sequential events to be able to count, anticipate or rearrange them
      • Musical discrimination and judgment – the ability to discriminate and judge tonal patterns in music
      • Maintaining and judging rhythm – the ability to recognize and maintain a musical beat in the short-term time period
      • Sound-Intensity and duration discrimination – the ability to discriminate sound intensities and to be sensitive to the rhythmic aspects of tonal patterns
      • Sound-Frequency discrimination – the ability to discriminate frequency attributes of tones
      • Hearing and speech threshold factor – the ability to hear pitch and varying sound frequencies
      • Absolute pitch – the ability to perfectly identify the pitch of tones
      • Sound localization – the ability to localize heard sounds in space
    • Processing speed – the ability to perform automatic cognitive tasks, especially under pressure
      • Perceptual speed – the ability to rapidly and accurately search, compare and identify visual elements presented side-by- side or separated in a visual field
      • Rate of test taking – the ability to rapidly perform tests which are relatively easy or over‑learned
      • Number facility – the ability to rapidly perform basic arithmetic and accurately manipulate numbers quickly
      • Speed of reasoning – speed or fluency in performing reasoning tasks in a limited time
      • Reading speed – the ability to silently read and comprehend connected text rapidly and automatically
      • Writing speed – the ability to correctly copy words or sentences repeatedly, or writing words, sentences, or paragraphs, as quickly as possible
    • Decision speed and reaction time – how fast can an individual react to stimuli or task
      • Simple reaction time – reaction time to the onset of a single stimulus that is presented at a particular point of time
      • Choice reaction time – reaction time to the onset of one of two or more alternative stimuli, depending on which alternative is signaled
      • Semantic processing speed – reaction time when a decision requires some encoding and mental manipulation of the stimulus content
      • Mental comparison speed – reaction time where stimuli must be compared for a characteristic or attribute
      • Inspection time – the ability to quickly detect change or discriminate between alternatives in a very briefly displayed stimulus

    Besides mental intelligence, we also know body intelligence (independent or connected to cognitive abilities) that includes:

    • Psychomotor speed – the ability to rapidly and fluently perform physical body motor movements largely independent of cognitive control
      • Speed of limb movement – the ability to make rapid specific or discrete motor movements of the arms or legs
      • Writing speed – the ability to correctly copy words or sentences repeatedly, or writing words, sentences, or paragraphs, as quickly as possible

    Speed of articulation – the ability to rapidly perform successive articulations with the speech musculature

    • Movement time – the time taken to physically move a body part to make the required response
    • Psychomotor abilities – the ability to perform physical body motor movements with precision, coordination or strength
      • Static strength – the ability to exert muscular force to move (push, lift, pull) a relatively heavy or immobile object
      • Multi-limb coordination – the ability to make quick specific or discrete motor movements of the arms or legs
      • Finger dexterity – the ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers
      • Manual dexterity – the ability to make precisely coordinated movements of a hand, or a hand and the attached arm
      • Arm-hand steadiness – the ability to precisely and skillfully coordinate arm-hand positioning in space
      • Control precision – the ability to exert precise control over muscle movements, typically in response to environmental feedback
      • Aiming – the ability to precisely and fluently execute a sequence of eye-hand coordination movements for positioning purposes
      • Gross body equilibrium – the ability to maintain the body in an upright position in space or regain balance after balance has been disturbed
    • Olfactory abilities – the abilities that depend on sensory receptors of the olfactory system
      • Olfactory memory – memory for smells
      • Olfactory sensitivity – sensitivity to different smells
    • Tactile abilities – the abilities involved in the perception and judging of sensations that are received through touch sensory receptors
      • Tactile sensitivity – the ability to detect and make fine discriminations of pressure on the surface of the skim
    • Kinesthetic abilities – the abilities that depend on sensory receptors that detect bodily position, weight, or movement of the muscles, tendons, and joints
      • Kinesthetic sensitivity – the ability to detect, or be aware, of movements of the body or body parts

    Source: Wikipedia and CHC – Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Broad and Narrow Cognitive Ability Definitions

    As you can see, there are many different types of intelligence. There are absolutely certain areas where you excel. But even though the g factor on top is more or less fixed, there are several ways how you can transcend this limitation at least to a certain extent (probably enough to be successful in any field in life):

    1. Building up crystalized intelligence
    2. Leveraging the power of a motivational environment
    3. Possessing the growth mindset

    Crystallized and fluid intelligence

    Fluid and crystallized intelligence – that’s what really matters

    As we have seen, many researchers reject the idea of a single measurement of intelligence such as the g factor. They argue that there are at least there two independent domains of cognitive performance of an individual – crystalized and fluid intelligence. And crystalized intelligence has its own important place in the CHC model.

    Fluid intelligence is the capacity to figure out novel problems, and it’s more or less fixed. It’s limited by the brain’s biological traits. Crystallized intelligence is, on the other hand, defined by how much you know, by your knowledge and experience. It’s influenced by education and acculturation. Crystalized intelligence is the knowledge and skills that you possess. It’s what matters at the end of the day.

    While crystalized and fluid intelligence are correlated, they change at different levels when you age. Fluid intelligence tends to peak at 20 and then slowly decline after. On the other hand, crystalized intelligence is stable and increases over your lifetime; and you have a huge influence on how your crystalized intelligence will advance.

    The more you study, learn and expose yourself to new things, the smarter you become by increasing your crystalized intelligence.

    There is also a possibility that acquiring additional knowledge can fine-tune your fluid intelligence by using your working memory better.

    When you bring something from the long-term memory into the working memory (by bringing something to mind), it occupies fewer working memory slots than it did initially when you were trying to memorize it. It gets kind of compact (like zipping a file), and that enables you to play with more ideas at once and connect knowledge in new ways.

    Smooth physical repetition creates muscle memory, and smooth mental repetition creates knowledge chunks that take up less working memory; you don’t have to relearn or re-explain pieces of information to yourself. You just know it and can intuitively do it; you know it from memory. And that’s how you become smarter by knowing more.

    Environmental influences

    Your development, actions and intelligence are always a product of your genes and your environment. Your genes activate or react differently in various environments. In other words, every inherited trait, even intelligence, can be enhanced, decreased, woken up or eliminated by repeating life experiences or functioning in a specific environment.

    When it comes to intelligence development, the environment is especially important in the pre-natal period and in youth all the way up to the end of adolescence. But it can have a positive influence on your smarts even later.

    When it comes to intelligence, the following elemental variables are important:

    • Family – home resources, parents’ use of language, birth order, amount of praise etc.
    • Peer group – stereotypes, complex intellectual environments etc.
    • Education – in general, IQ decreases during summer breaks, children with delayed schooling and dropouts have lower IQ, less schooling usually equals lower IQ.
    • Training – fluid intelligence can be increased through training, at least in the short-term, by improving the working memory. The growth mindset also has a great influence on intellectual abilities.
    • Environmental enrichment – more stimulating environments can increase the number of synapses in the brain, especially at a young age, but also later.
    • Nutrition – nutrition has an effect on intelligence even before birth, as well as afterwards, where sufficient protein intake is especially important.
    • Stress – maternal stress, traumatic life situations and constant pressure have a negative influence on intelligence.
    • Exposure to toxic chemicals – exposure to some toxic chemicals can reduce mental abilities of a child during pregnancy and at a young age. Similarly, alcohol, drugs and tobacco can have a negative influence on the child’s intellectual development.
    • Perinatal factors – complications at birth or low birth weight can have serious implications on the child’s intellectual development.
    • Environmental exposure – if a child is exposed to a specific knowledge domain and creativity is encouraged at the same time, the child can develop exceptional understanding of that field. That’s how geniuses are born, even if they don’t have a really high IQ.

    With age, the potential positive influence of the environment declines, but an influence still exists. It’s been proven that your brain synapses can grow in the older age as well.

    Thus, seeking complex intellectual environments, lifelong learning, regular reading and developing competences, proper nutrition, building yourself a motivational environment and avoiding severe stress does have a positive influence on your cognitive abilities.

    Growth vs. Fixed Mindset
    Graph content: Carol Dweck, Image: Nigel Holmes

    If you can influence your intelligence, that means only one thing – grow

    I’m pretty sure you don’t like the idea that the IQ is completely fixed. Neither do I. A fixed IQ would be a very unfair thing. While biology and primary socialization absolutely impose limits on us, as we’ve seen, you can fine-tune your overall intelligence, and even more dramatically improve your crystalized intelligence.

    Actually, only being able to improve your crystalized intelligence and optimizing your working memory is not enough. You must constantly improve both, otherwise you are falling behind. If you’re not going forward, you’re going backwards. And you’re wasting your potential and resources. That’s where the right attitude and the growth mindset come into play.

    Stanford professor Dr. Carol Dweck has found out that the biggest difference between successful and unsuccessful people lies in their mindset. The right mindset is more important than IQ.

    You can either have a fixed mindset or a growth one. If you have a fixed mindset, you believe that your character and potential are unchangeable, have been “written in stone” since birth. You assume that they cannot be modified or improved in a meaningful way.

    The second option is a growth mindset. It means that you believe that you can improve your character by working on yourself. If you have a growth mindset, you see yourself as being at a specific starting point with the option to improve yourself through hard work – your skills, beliefs, competences and intelligence.

    The fixed mindset leads to hiding your flaws, doing only things that you are naturally good at, feeling defined by failures, being unwilling to improve your relationships, and feeling bad if everything doesn’t go as planned, even if you’ve learned something new.

    On the other hand, with a growth mindset, flaws and problems are only opportunities to improve. The new and the unknown bring learning opportunities, mastery leads to passion and purpose, and every failure is only a temporary setback. Nothing is given and everything can be improved.

    When it comes to intelligence, you can at least fine-tune your fluid intelligence, dramatically develop your crystalized intelligence over the years, excel at specific cognitive tasks (that other people will pay you for), make sure you reach your intellectual maximum, apply your skills in various life situations, and prevent your cognitive decline.

    You can achieve all that with the right attitude powered by the growth mindset, curiosity, deliberate practice and hard work.

  • How to become more creative – the secrets nobody told you about

    Every single human being possesses a flow of creative energy, including you. It’s not even a question of whether you can be creative or not, since the answer is absolutely yes.

    The much more sensible question is how to learn to identify, nurture and express the creative energy that resides in you.

    In this article, you will learn exactly that – how to become more creative.

    No matter if you see yourself as a creative person or not, whether you are terrified of expressing yourself or you are the boldest artist there is, after reading this article you will acquire many ideas for how to completely awaken the creative part of your personality and then leverage it to your advantage.

    How to become more creative

    It’s impossible to feel complete without being creative

    First, as with anything that requires effort in life, you need a strong reason why you should even bother igniting your creative spark.

    Without a strong “why” you rarely have the stamina needed to start a new habit, project or learn a new skill. And creativity is exactly that – a combination of a habit, skills and little projects.

    Emotions drive attention. Emotions direct the creative juice.

    Among many ways you can benefit from creativity, there are two major ones. The first one is that in the creative society, creativity is well-cherished. Brilliant ideas are the drivers of success.

    By being more creative, you can skyrocket your career. It’s that simple. Having only brilliant ideas is of course rarely enough to succeed, but it’s definitely the best start.

    The second, even more important reason to develop your creativity is to give additional meaning to your life. You are here on this planet to grow, connect, enjoy and create.

    Without creating in one way or another, it’s hard to feel complete. Finding yourself in the creative flow is one of the most divine experiences you can have as a human being.

    Creativity gives you a chance to shine bright, to express your true self and to transform raw energies into subtler ones (in psychology, it’s called the sublimation of needs).

    With creativity, you can even leave a legacy if you manage to impact the masses with your brilliant ideas. And there’s more. Creativity can empower your growth, gives you new ways to connect with other people, and provides a unique way of enjoying life. What more could one ask for?

    The four paths to finding and developing your creative self

    There are four completely different paths (based on two variables) to the development of your creative self. The first variable is about possessing obvious traditional artistic talent or, on the other extreme, considering yourself as not possessing creative personality at all.

    The second variable concerns your environment. Every personality trait (including creative talent) can be enhanced, decreased, woken up or eliminated by life experiences. Your creativity can be encouraged or stifled based on your functioning in a specific environment.

    The creativity matrix

    Individuals in a supportive environment

    Some people are lucky to discover their medium for creating at a young age while their parents provide a supportive environment for their talents to be developed. If a child shows drawing, singing, acting or any other kind of artistic capabilities that are constantly encouraged, we get “natural born artists”.

    A combination of talent and the environment that enables at least 10,000 hours of practice is what creates outliers, the most successful people of humankind. There are rare exceptions, but this is the safest success formula when creative talents are involved.

    Outliers = Talent + Supportive environment that enables 10,000 hours of practice + Other factors

    Then we have people with no obvious artistic talent, but being in a supportive environment helps them find a way to express their creativity. These are the individuals with a very strong growth mindset.

    The core of their belief system is that talent is overrated and that they can learn any skill (artistic or not) if they put in enough effort. They are hard workers who learn how to be creative with enough time and effort. They absolutely have to work much harder than the talented people to achieve the same level of mastery.

    These two groups rarely have a problem being creative.

    Individuals in a non-supportive environment

    Then there are two groups of people who do have challenges with expressing their creative self.

    People that have traditional artistic talent and are in a very critical and non-supportive environment develop strong mistrust in themselves and life, together with severe feelings of shame, guilt, doubt and inferiority.

    Their true self and creative talents get stifled and the desire to shine is suppressed. They know what their talents are, they have the urge to express themselves, but they are keeping themselves locked in an emotional cage.

    The last group of people are the ones with no obvious artistic talent combined with a non-supportive environment. These people most often see themselves as not creative at all and they aren’t particularly bothered by that fact.

    They don’t believe they can express themselves in a creative way, so they don’t even try. But they are just letting parts of their personality go undiscovered, and the creative urges is buried deep in the unconscious mind.

    In which quadrant do you fall?

    The worst enemies to creativity

    Creative crisis – In the dark, the stars shine the brightest

    Creativity and a strong healthy ego are very closely interconnected. If you want to express your creative self, you need to believe in yourself.

    Because only then can you take initiative and put your creations in front of others to be judged, while not really being affected by the judgements. Without a healthy ego, the fear of not being accepted is just too strong.

    There are many ways how self-expression can be blocked. One extreme is symbolic self-castration, with common examples like laziness, procrastination and denial. The other extreme is creative aggression where good taste extends into neediness, exaggeration and narcissism.

    Creative doing is a natural human desire and tendency. When suppressed, it always backfires.

    If you don’t consider yourself creative or if you don’t express your creative talents, you always suffer from some type of existential crisis.

    How does creativity get stifled?

    The question is how creativity even gets stifled. Usually it happens during a child’s upbringing.

    Here are only a few very common examples:

    • You create something and nobody gives you any praise or they focus on the mistakes
    • You are constantly criticized for everything you do (“it’s good, but it could be better”)
    • When you want to explain something, you are shut down (“don’t speak while we eat”)
    • You are not allowed to have your own style or opinion or do things your own way
    • Nobody encourages you to go through failure and to regularly practice to develop your talents
    • You are not allowed to play and you have to grow up too quickly
    • You are labeled as being childish when you don’t act grown up and aren’t serious
    • Nobody is mentoring you and showing you how you can progress in developing your talents
    • Nobody asks you about your wishes, needs and opinions or what you want
    • Your imagination is not nurtured with stories, answering your questions and being open-minded in general

    Creating - How does it make you feel

    Resolving the inner crisis with reframing

    There are two resolutions to this conflict. The first one is best illustrated with the quote: “in the dark the stars shine the brightest”. Research has shown that rejection and isolation can be great fuel for creativity.

    By definition, being creative means being different, and being different very often leads to being rejected, at least in the beginning. A non-supportive environment does exactly that, it rejects your potential instead of encouraging it, merely because you are different.

    If you want to be creative, you must be rejected.

    How can you be creative, if you want to fit in (and gain some approval) at all costs? Creativity means being or finding something that is different, something that doesn’t fit in.

    That means you need a new context for feeling rejected, you need to reframe your thinking in a way that rejection doesn’t dry your creativity (with the desire to fit in), but fuels it (with the desire to stand out).

    In the new mental frame, you must see the need to individuate stronger than the need to belong. Your urge to stand out must be stronger than the need to fit in.

    You have to make your mission to express your creative self greater than any rejection or criticism you might encounter on you path to self-actualization by the society. You need to disinvest yourself from the society’s opinion and invest more into yourself and your independence.

    Society feels threatened by everything different, but the moment you become like them, nobody notices you anymore.

    An inner and outer environment that support your creative expression

    The second way to become more creative is to provide yourself the supportive environment you didn’t have when growing up. That can be achieved from within and by changing external circumstances.

    Providing yourself the supportive environment from within is the so-called self-mothering and self-fathering concept. It might sound a little bit ridiculous, but it works.

    Self-mothering and self-fathering means developing a compassionate and encouraging relation with yourself, where you start to slowly encourage your creative expressions.

    Mindfulness, properly managing your mind, creative visualization, bibliotherapy, exploring your subconscious and play are only a few of the mechanisms how to make a step further in this direction.

    Stay creative when you grow up

    Often the best first step to reconnect with your creative part is to start playing.

    Videogames, sports, dancing, flirting, playing with children, reading fiction books and telling jokes are examples of good ways to loosen yourself up and see that your relaxed and creative nature doesn’t always lead to rejection, but rather to the thing you crave the most – being loved and admired.

    Besides the internal environment, your external environment greatly influences your creativity. If you want to be more creative, you must build yourself a motivational and supportive environment. In the adult age, many external circumstances are under your control.

    You can surround yourself with people who support your creative talents, you can join meetup and hobby groups, you can work in a company with many smart and creative people and provide everything else necessary to nurture your creativity.

    It’s impossible to become more creative if you aren’t willing to make some changes in your life, internal and external.

    To deeply connect with others, you have to polarize. If you want to polarize, you must express your unique creative self. There is no other way.

    Find the right medium

    Undiscovered self – It’s time to find a fitting medium and the right context

    People with no obvious creative talent have the same issue as people with the talent in a non-supportive environment, with one additional burden.

    They are not aware of their desire to create and even if they wanted to create, they have no idea how. Art, innovation and ideas are completely alien to them.

    Usually their conflict seems less severe, at least on the conscious level. They are not creative types, so why bother to creatively express themselves at all.

    To live a full, complete and integrated life you must find a way to creatively express yourself. Either you find a way at one point in your life, or your needs are suppressed in a nasty way; and that always brings some form of negativity in your life.

    If you consider yourself non-creative, the first step you must make is to find the right medium and context that sparks your creativity. The first step is to use the search mode and experiment in what situations and with what kind of channel you can creatively express yourself.

    In other words, if you fall in this group, you have to try dozens of different arts to find the one that best suits your creative self.

    Logically, if you don’t possess traditional artistic talent, you have to find some uncommon one. I helped hundreds of people discover their unusual creative talents. Here are only a few ways how the people I mentored found their creative selves:

    • Connecting difficult family members in a creative way
    • Telling jokes or creating memes
    • Cooking, baking, making sweets
    • Playing games with children
    • Flirting in a creative way or applying bed skills
    • Improving processes in the company in completely new ways
    • Interpreting death or spirituality in a new way
    • Combining knowledge from two different industries
    • Finding new ways to solve big humanitarian problems
    • Organizing unique events
    • Making educational videos
    • Hacking mathematical equations
    • Tattoos, fashion etc.

    In addition to that, there are hundreds of different hobbies you can try. And don’t forget to try all the traditional artistic professions.

    I can guarantee you that if you try hundreds of different things you will find the one that is your perfect fit. All you need is a little bit of courage. After that, your life will never be the same again. You will open the doors to higher vibrations and divine realms.

    Finding a way to express your creativity means finding the right medium. It can be connecting words, colors, moves, curves, numbers, relationships, tones, facts or anything else in new creative ways. But once you find your medium, you also need to find the right context that regularly sparks your creativity.

    Your creative environemnt

    Creativity is a habit and a skill, not a special gift

    Creativity is not a magic wand a few possess. It’s not an unlimited resource that some people have at their own disposal and advantage when they need it to dominate others, without any cost.

    Creativity is a habit. You have to practice to be more and more creative, and you have to nurture your creativity. That means you can be creative only in a specific context, with specific life circumstances and big investments in the form of time and effort.

    The context is everything that encourages your creative routine.

    It includes everything from reminders (habit triggers) to how you organize your environment (minimal transaction costs) and finally to deliberately practicing creative tasks with pure self-discipline and stamina (timeboxing time for practice). And we must also not forget the rewards you enjoy in the end.

    The context is about organizing your life in a way that you regularly find yourself in front of the medium while you can forget about everything else and just create.

    If you want to be creative, you must put in the effort to organize your life circumstances in a way that you can create in the flow without any distractions for a few hours every day.

    You can be the most talented person in the world, but without practice the talent goes to waste. Hard work beats talent every time. Don’t assume some people have a gift that is only a great resource without any investment and costs. There are no shortcuts in life (or only a few).

    Knowing that creativity is only a habit, here are a few ways to nurture and develop it:

    1. Create many different things every day
    2. Regularly practice opening your mind
    3. Practice makes your skills perfect

    Create many things every day

    Create many new things every day

    Once, I visited Leonardo Da Vinci’s exhibition. I was surprised at how many unsuccessful inventions and “ugly” pictures he drew. And he is one of the biggest inventors and artists of all time. I had thought that everything he touched became a masterpiece.

    But I was wrong. He had to sketch hundreds of ideas to develop a few brilliant ones. Pablo Picasso was no different. He created more than 50,000 pieces of art in his lifetime.

    An idea not coupled with action will never get any bigger than the brain cells it occupied. – A.G.

    That leads us to a simple conclusion. If you want to be more creative, you have to create every single day. And you have to create a lot. Here are a few ideas how you can achieve that:

    1. Brainstorm ideas every single day. If you don’t write down at least 10 ideas every day, don’t go to sleep. Much like you don’t go to sleep if you don’t read at least one page of a book.
    2. Don’t judge your ideas when you brainstorm. Write down every single ridiculous idea you can think of. Kick your inner critic’s ass if s/he wants to interfere. New ideas are fragile.
    3. Rank your ideas and then start prototyping. Use your medium and prototype like crazy. Prototyping is the first step to materializing your ideas. Nothing kills a brilliant idea faster than dull execution.
    4. Try to combine new ideas, all the knowledge you possess, and play with ideas in all the ridiculous ways possible. Every day, try to think in a new creative way.
    5. Make sure you use the diffused mode of thinking between creating time. Go for a walk or take a nap. Your mind will still be creating, and soon brilliant ideas will come out of nowhere.
    6. Don’t have problems being wrong. Mistake shouldn’t be the word you’re too embarrassed to use. You’re the product of a trillion mistakes. Evolution forged the entirety of sentient life on this planet using only one tool: the mistake (it’s a quote from Westworld). You should use it too.
    7. Exercise and eat brain foods! Both really do stimulate your brain and creativity.
    8. Last but not least, know that your unique style comes from your limitations, not your strengths. Your unique style gets developed by finding a way of working around your shortcomings.
    9. Mae sure you free your working memeory as much as possible

    Disinvest yourself from the society’s opinion, invest yourself into examining your soul to find the creative spring in you, and then create like crazy.

    Open your mind

    Regularly practice opening your mind

    Your mind is like a parachute. It only works when it’s open. You learned and inherited hundreds of limiting beliefs that you have to unlearn. The only way to unlearn limitations is by practicing and regularly breaking the rules (in a healthy way).

    Here are a few ideas how you can achieve that:

    1. Always be curious and ask yourself and others “why” thousands of times.
    2. Know that everything can be improved and everything can be done in a better way. There is no such thing as a best practice.
    3. Regularly ask yourself: what would happen if I created, did, believed… the opposite. Every single belief you currently have is a cold blocker of imagination, innovation and improvements.
    4. Don’t get stuck on fixed ideas – stay flexible. There are many ways to achieve the same thing.
    5. Sometimes imagine that life is just a dream without any limitations. Imagine how the future will look in 10, 20 and 100 years. Imagine that there are no physical laws.
    6. Always try new things, never chain yourself by sticking solely to things you already mastered.
    7. Think about how you can do everyday tasks you already mastered in a new different way.
    8. In the beginning, be satisfied with good enough, with small first steps, and then you can scale up the quality of your work.
    9. Spend time with smart people, they will further help you develop your creativity.
    10. Constantly learn and read a lot.

    Every creative masterpiece contains an element of surprise. If you want to surprise people, you must create something unexpected. To create something unexpected, you must think in uncommon ways. Dare to be different.

    Practice makes perfect

    Practice makes things perfect

    Talent isn’t something you possess, it’s something you do. And it all starts with mastering the basics. The more you master the basics, the more creative you can become.

    Because when you master the basics, you can devote more working memory to connecting ideas in a new creative way. That’s why you want to always master many different basics – “knowledge chunks” that you store in your long-term memory.

    It might sound complicated, but it’s actually quite simple. Knowledge chunks stored in your long-term memory include information, experiences, motoric skills, cognitive skills and conditioning effects (habits, patterns).

    These are the building blocks that enable you to mix ideas together in a new creative way. The more of these building blocks you possess, the more creative you can be.

    That’s where the 10,000 hours rule (or daily hard work, in other words) comes into place. The more you master the basics and correctly practice new things, the more creative you can become. It’s a double benefit.

    Not only does the practice make you master a specific skill, you can also come up with more creative ideas in that domain.

    The end formula for being more creative is thus pretty simple. Make sure you master different basic blocks of knowledge (practice them until you get bored) and then put in the effort to mix them in new creative ways.

    And don’t forget that keeping your mind open and regularly stretching it will help you more easily find new connections between the building blocks. That’s it.

    All of us who do creative work, we get into it because we have good taste. But it’s like there is this gap. For the first couple years that you’re making stuff, what you’re making isn’t so good. It’s not that great. It’s trying to be good, it has ambition to be good, but it’s not that good.

    But your taste, the thing that got you into the game, is still killer. And your taste is good enough that you can tell that what you’re making is kind of a disappointment to you. A lot of people never get past that phase. They quit.

    Everybody I know who does interesting, creative work they went through years where they had really good taste and they could tell that what they were making wasn’t as good as they wanted it to be. They knew it fell short. Everybody goes through that.

    Ira Glass

    The last thing you have to know about creative endeavors is, as the quote above illustrates, that beginnings suck. The first steps are usually the hardest, but they also keep the people who are not serious about self-actualization away from creativity.

    Don’t be one of them. Every next step you take becomes much easier. And make sure you don’t compare your beginning with someone else’s middle or the top of their career.

    The secrets to creativity

    The summary – how to become more creative

    1. Make expressing yourself in some creative way, no matter what it is, part of your life mission. Find your “why” to create. Your life will be greatly enriched and your existence here on this planet much more fulfilling.
    2. Reframe your creative crisis if you have issues with mistrust, doubt, guilt and shame. Make the desire to individuate stronger than the need to belong. Foresee that expressing your uniqueness will probably lead to the most honest belonging in the end.
    3. Experiment with hundreds of creative things to find the medium that is your perfect fit. Then learn to organize your environment and life circumstances in a way that you will be able to create in the flow with the right medium every single day.
    4. If you want to be creative, you must produce many new things daily – without judging yourself or minding what the society will think. In hundreds of average ideas, a brilliant one will be born. Have a goal to create at least 50,000 creative pieces in your lifetime.
    5. Ideas are never enough. When you find the right idea, have the courage to materialize it with prototyping, and then finalize the best ones. All you need is a little bit of courage. First be open-minded, then be satisfied with good enough and in the end, create a unique masterpiece.
    6. Every single one of your beliefs is a creativity killer. Thus, you have to constantly practice open‑mindedness by challenging yourself, thinking and doing the opposite, and stretching your ideas to ridiculous proportions.
    7. Creativity is a habit and a skill, which means you have to practice it daily. You have to learn to master the basics and then strive to connect the things you master in a new unique way. It only takes 10,000 hours of practice to achieve that.
    8. Last but no least, the best first step to unleashing creativity is to learn how to play again and to not compare yourself with others. Individuate!
  • The best foods for your brain – to improve memory and focus

    Taking good care of your brain should be an important part of your healthy lifestyle strategy. In today’s creative society, smart is the new sexy.

    Your brain has enormous potential to create, innovate, analyze, learn, and perform different respected, well-cherished and paid intellectual tasks. That’s why you want to squeeze the maximum potential out of your brain, even with the diet.

    Your IQ might be more or less fixed, but there are so many ways how you can get more out of your brains:

    1. By mastering learning skills you can become dramatically more productive student
    2. By optimizing your working memory you can be more creative and work with more pieces of information at the same time
    3. With constantly learning new things you have a chance to develop greater crystalized intelligence
    4. By repeatedly performing specific intellectual tasks (playing chess, practicing IQ tests etc.) you get really good at that tasks
    5. And then we have the good old diet…

    Now, eating brain foods won’t double your smarts, but it might fine-tune your mental performance just a little bit. Most of all, you will have more energy to perform mental tasks during the day.

    Imagine your brain like a high-end car that needs the best gas and oil. Your brain deserves the best, like you do with all the other things in life.

    Taking good care of anything in life (computer, home, body, brain, relationships etc.) increases its longevity and makes it work better. That is one of the best practical advice ever – take good care of things in your possession.

    Taking good care of your brain with proper foods will increase the chances of your brain staying healthy with aging, it will prevent cognitive decline and you will make sure its performance is maximized.

    The great news is that foods which benefit your brain are also good for your health in general. That means you should eat them anyway.

    In addition to a healthy diet and brain foods, there is one more thing that will greatly benefit your brain, and your general health– exercise. So don’t forget to exercise and make sure that the foods listed below are on your platter daily. Your brain and body will be super happy.

    The best foods for your brain

    The big picture of why certain foods are good for your brain

    Before we go to specific foods, let’s look at the big picture of why a certain food brings benefits to your brain. The foods good for your brain more or less consist of either:

    1. Many healthy fats (nuts, seeds, avocados, salmon), since the brain is your fattest organ (and for ketones).
    2. Antioxidants, vitamins and minerals (blueberries, olive oil, green veggies) that have an anti‑inflammatory effect and help the brain to get rid of different toxins.
    3. Complex carbs that are transformed into glucose and provide fuel for your brains (oats, legumes).
    4. Gentle stimulants that boosts your focus (dark chocolate, green tea).
    5. Many best foods for your brain combine several of these nutritional ingredients mentioned above.

    Knowing that, there are several things you want to achieve by eating brain foods:

    • Provide a steady flow of fuel for focus and concentration, without any major sugar spikes.
    • Make sure the brain gets all the macro- and micronutrients to create, protect and repair brain cells.
    • Add micronutrients that might help slow down cognitive decline with age.
    • Keep proper blood circulation that supports the brain’s nutritional, hydration and oxygen needs.
    • Stay healthy in general, as this also leads to a healthy brain.

    Although you should eat brain foods every day, you should also be careful not to eat too much of them. Everything becomes toxic in excess, even the healthiest things.

    Healthy fats are packed with calories (being in caloric surplus will make you fat), some fruits with sugars (you will get energy crashes or carvings) and you can get quickly addicted to any stimulants (caffeine, sugars – you won’t be able to function without them). So please keep moderation in mind.

    It’s not like you’ll become twice as smart if you eat more of these foods. Have a few (3 – 5) moderate portions (a piece of fruit, a palm of nuts etc.) of any food from the list daily as part of your meal plan, and you will be well off.

    In every meal, include one of the brain foods, that’s it. There are no real additional benefits beyond that.

    The 10+ best foods for your brain that you must eat daily

    And now, here they are. The 10+ best foods for your brain that you must eat daily in order to stay super smart and to maximize your intellectual potential:

    Nuts and seeds

    Nuts & seeds

    If you look at a walnut, what does it remind you of? Brains, exactly. That’s because nuts and seeds are an awesome food for your brain, especially due to high levels of healthy fats and Vitamin E that prevents cognitive decline.

    No wonder that a big pack of nuts is also called student’s food (at least in many European countries). There are so many different types of nuts to choose from and they taste delicious. The only downside is that nuts are filled with calories.

    Here is a simple rule to follow. Eat one palm (10 – 15) nuts per day. They can be walnuts, almonds, pistachios, brazil nuts, cashews, it doesn’t matter. Peanuts (they are technically legumes, not nuts) aren’t as good as other types of nuts so make sure you don’t eat only them.

    Go for variety. Also, make sure that nuts you eat are organic, raw and unsalted. You want to eat food that’s processed as little as possible.

    Besides nuts, seeds are also great for your brain. They don’t come as handy as nuts, but there is one very practical and tasty way to consume seeds – add them to your salad. You can buy a seed salad mixture made of sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, flax seeds and other seeds.

    They will make your salad super tasty (and you should eat a salad every day anyway). Oh, and flax seeds or chia seeds are a great option for you to mix in your green smoothie.

    Blueberries super healthy

    Blueberries – you can call them brainberries

    Research shows that blueberries are packed with antioxidants (flavonoids) that protect your brain from oxidative stress. They contain a lot of fiber as well as vitamins A, K and C.

    Besides that, they taste delicious and are packed with a low amount of sugar (which is rare for such delicious food). It’s best to go for fresh blueberries, but you can also use frozen ones.

    A study (unfortunately done only on rats) has shown that blueberries slow down the decrease of learning capacity and motor skills that comes with age. Another study showed that blueberries may reverse memory loss. Make nuts and berries your favorite snacks for a super healthy brain.

    Broccoli is good for brains

    Broccoli & Green Leafy Veggies

    Broccoli is my favorite food. Like walnuts, broccoli kind of looks like a brain, just in green. Broccoli is full of vitamins A, C, K, choline, folate, fiber and antioxidants – all good for your thinking organ.

    But here’s the main thing, broccoli has high amounts of glucosinolates and acetylcholine, which make the nervous system work properly by preventing neurodegenerative diseases.

    While broccoli is my number one green food, we must not forget about other green foods packed with vitamins A, K, folate, lutein and other antioxidants. Spinach, kale, lettuce, Brussels sprouts, they are all super beneficial to your health and your brains.

    Once again, nature gave you a hint – Brussels sprouts look like small brains that will superpower your brain. A single serving of leafy green vegetables each day may help keep dementia away.

    Salmon - Healthy fats

    Wild salmon and other oily fish

    Wild salmon is a premium source of healthy fatsOmega-3 fats. Omega-3 fats are essential for a healthy brain. Firstly, your brain consists 75 % of water and then your brain is made 60 % of fat.

    Omega-3 fats are a structural part of brain cell membranes and nerve cells. They work anti‑inflammatory and are linked to high alertness, improved cognition and memory, and improved mood. Besides that, wild salmon has high amounts of magnesium, vitamins B and D, choline and zinc.

    You only have to make sure that the salmon is really wild and not farmed. The best way is to eat it steamed or lightly grilled, to preserve as many healthy fats as possible.

    As a good alternative to salmon, you can also go for sardines, trout or mackerels. When you’re choosing, just make sure you choose the wild ones with low mercury levels.

    Avocado - The ultimate superfruit

    Avocados – the green powerhouse

    The number one superfood are avocados. Some scientists claim that the avocado is the most perfect food. Same as nuts, they are filled with health fats (and low sugar amounts) that make the blood run smoothly and consequently lower your blood pressure.

    Better blood circulation means healthier brains, of course. They are also good for your eyesight, so you will be able to read more even in the old age. Avocados are rich in vitamins A, B, C and K and folate, all good for your health.

    Avocados are a great core ingredient for a green smoothie, but you can also add them to a salad, make guacamole or eat them au naturel if you like the taste.

    One downside is that avocados are packed with calories, so make sure you eat them in moderation. It can also be quite hard to find a perfectly ripe avocado. Nevertheless, make sure avocados have an important place in your diet.

    Complex carbs

    Complex carbs – oats and beans

    Your brain runs on glucose or ketones, depending on your diet. If you aren’t on the keto diet, you need a steady flow of glucose to your brain.

    The best way to do that is to eat complex carbs filled with fiber and with a low GI/GL (Glycemic Index and Load). That makes sure you don’t have any insulin spikes and energy crashes.

    Besides a well-functioning brain, complex carbs will provide you with steady levels of energy in general, good digestion and metabolism, you will feel fuller for a longer time than when eating simple carbs (white bread, sweets, etc.) and your nervous system will be calmer, since sugar makes you anxious and hyperactive.

    Examples of healthy complex carbs are:

    • Oats
    • Brown rice
    • Sweet potato
    • Beans, lentils and peas
    • Quinoa
    • Buckwheat
    • Millet
    • Chestnuts

    Berries and chocolate

    Green tea & dark chocolate

    Green tea is a beverage filled with antioxidants that flush away all the toxins that are very harmful to your brain and body. A cup of green tea also has a small amount of caffeine and theine that boost focus and mood when you need to get the most out of your brain.

    You should just make sure you don’t get addicted to the stimulants and abuse green tea (or coffee for that matter). Also make sure you drink green tea between the meals, not with them, since green tea prevents absorption of some micronutrients like iron.

    Limit green tea consumption to one or two cups per day, just before you start working on the mentally most demanding task of the day. Also, don’t drink green tea too late if it messes with your sleeping pattern.

    Adding a piece of dark chocolate can further boost your brain performance. Dark chocolate is full of flavonols, which are antioxidants and work anti-inflammatory. But make sure you go for dark chocolate, not the regular one. The darker the chocolate is, the more health benefits you will enjoy.

    Other healthy foods for your brain

    Here are a few other healthy foods for your brain that you can add to your meal plan:

    Olive & Coconut oil: Make sure you use olive oil when you make yourself a salad. Olive oil improves memory and helps prevent cognitive decline. It’s a great source of healthy fats, vitamins K and E, and many other antioxidants. Coconut oil is also great for your brain (creating ketones), besides helping you burn fat.

    Beets & Carrots: They both contain high levels of luteolin, which could reduce age-related cognitive decline. Beets improve the blood flow, which is essential for a healthy brain (everything that helps heart and blood circulation also helps the brain). And carrots will help you with sharp eyesight, which you especially need for long reading hours.

    Celery & Rosemary: Celery contains more than 20 anti-inflammatory compounds that help the brain function properly. And rosemary has a great reputation for boosting memory, because it improves the blood flow to the brain.

    Eggs: Eggs are packed with healthy fats, protein, vitamin B12, minerals and choline. Choline has an important role in keeping the memory strong. Eggs have a bad reputation because of the cholesterol, but your brain needs it to function properly. Just make sure you eat free-range eggs. By eating two to six eggs per week, you will enjoy all the health benefits eggs provide.

    Drink enough water

    Drink enough water

    The last advice for keeping your brain healthy and your attention span strong with a proper diet is – drink plenty of water. 75 % of your brain consists of water, so being hydrated is extremely important for your brain to work properly.

    Dehydration causes a decline in attention span, reasoning ability and overall cognitive function. Drinking enough water will also flush toxins out of your body. Drink plenty of water, a cup of green tea every day, and forget about sodas, fruit juices and other sugary foods and drinks.

    Now you know what to eat to keep your brain healthy, focused and fresh.